Mechanical and Thermal Dilution Methods Used in the Thermographic and Thermogravimetric Analysis of High-Temperature Dec
The need to substantially modify common nonisothermal methods such as TGA, DTA and DSC when used to study the kinetics of fast exothermal and endothermic reactions in condensed media is theoretically demonstrated. Modified methods based on deep ballasting
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Alexander S. Shteinberg
Fast Reactions in Energetic Materials High-Temperature Decomposition of Rocket Propellants and Explosives
Translated from Russian by Maria Rusanova
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Prof. Alexander S. Shteinberg 61 Fairlawn Drive Berkeley CA 94708 USA [email protected]
Translated from Russian Edition (5-9221-0690-2), published by Nauka in September 2006
ISBN: 978-3-540-78860-7
e-ISBN: 978-3-540-78861-4
Library of Congress Control Number: 2008932573 c 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: WMXDesign GmbH Printed on acid-free paper 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 springer.com
Preface for English Edition
This monograph is dedicated to the theoretical and experimental study of the macrokinetics and kinetics of the fast high-temperature decomposition of condensed energetic materials (explosives, pyrotechnical mixtures and gunpowders, as well as modern solid, liquid and hybrid rocket propellants). Numerous practical tasks related to the manufacture and application of the energetic materials can only be solved through the use of reliable information on the patterns, mechanisms and characteristics of their high-temperature decompositions (especially about their ignition and burning mechanisms). In order to be able to evaluate the conditions needed for the safe use of rockets undergoing aerodynamic heating, the kinetic constants for the decompositions of the corresponding solid propellants are required. Liquid propellants are also affected by the intense heating that occurs in the nozzle cooling systems and precombustion chambers of rocket engines. Under certain conditions this can result in burning and explosions in the corresponding parts of the rocket engines. Therefore, data on the kinetics of the homogeneous and heterogeneous decompositions of liquid propellants (on the surfaces of the construction materials used) are extremely important for various applications in rocket and space engineering. Kinetic constants of fast high-temperature decomposition of solid and hybride propellants and their components are of primary importance for theoretical analysis and practical applications. The extrapolation of low-temperature kinetic data into the high-temperature region gives tempe
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