Mechanical performance of concrete incorporating wheat straw ash as partial replacement of cement
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(2021) 6:4
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Mechanical performance of concrete incorporating wheat straw ash as partial replacement of cement Naraindas Bheel1 · Mohd Haziman Wan Ibrahim2 · Adeyemi Adesina3 · Charles Kennedy4 · Irfan Ali Shar5 Received: 26 September 2020 / Accepted: 6 November 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract This paper presents the results from the experimental investigation of the use of wheat straw ash (WSA) as a partial replacement of Portland cement in concrete mixtures. The WSA was used to replace PC up to 20% and the corresponding mechanical performance of the concrete mixtures evaluated. The mechanical performance of the concrete mixtures was evaluated in terms of its compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, split tensile strength and flexural strength. The effect of the WSA on the workability of the mixtures was also evaluated by assessing the slump of each mixture. The findings from this research showed that the use of WSA as a 10% replacement of the PC is optimum. Concrete mixtures made with 10% WSA as replacement of PC is 12%, 10% and 11% higher in the compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength, respectively compared to the control. It was also found out that the high surface area and absorption of WSA resulted in a decrease in the slump of the concrete mixtures with increasing WSA content. Nonetheless, it was recommended that future studies on the durability performance of these concrete mixtures to be carried out in order to understand the performance of these mixtures in different environments. Keywords Concrete · Portland cement · Wheat straw ash · Mechanical properties · Sustainability
1 Introduction Recent years have seen various innovative initiatives taken by the concrete industry to reduce its carbon footprint. These initiatives involve incorporating wastes and recycled materials as binders [1–4] and aggregates [5–8] in concrete mixtures. Some of these initiatives have involved the combined use of these ecofriendly materials with a less energyintensive concrete construction process [9–11]. The need to replace the conventional materials and processes used * Adeyemi Adesina [email protected] 1
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Seri Iskandar, Malaysia
2
Civil Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Malaysia
3
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada
4
Department of Civil Engineering, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
5
Department of Civil Engineering, Isra University Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Pakistan
in its production is a result of the high energy consumption involved and the corresponding carbon dioxide emission into the environment [12, 13]. As Portland cement is the material with the highest embodied carbon and energy in conventional concrete, finding ways to replace this will yield a significant reduction in the carbon footprint of concrete [14]. Research and developme
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