Mechanisms of Insulin Action Medical Intelligence Unit

More than 18 million people in the United States have diabetes mellitus, and about 90% of these have the type 2 form of the disease. In addition, between 17 and 40 million people have insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, or the cluster of abnor

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Mechanisms of Insulin Action Alan R. Saltiel Departments of Internal Medicine and Physiology Life Sciences Institute The University of Michigan Medical Center Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A.

Jeffrey E. Pessin Department of Pharmacological Sciences State University of N e w York at Stony Brook Stony Brook, N e w York, U.S.A.

LANDES BIOSCIENCE AUSTIN, TEXAS

USA

SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA NEW YORK, NEW YORK

U.S.A.

MECHANISMS OF INSULIN ACTION Medical Intelligence Unit

Landes Bioscience Springer Science+Business Media, LLC ISBN: 978-0-387-72203-0

Printed on acid-free paper.

Copyright ©2007 Landes Bioscience and Springer Science+Business Media, LLC All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher, except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in the publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks and similar terms even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. While the authors, editors and publisher believe that drug selection and dosj^e and the specifications and usage of equipment and devices, as set forth in this book, are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication, they make no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to material described in this book. In view of the ongoing research, equipment development, changes in governmental regulations and the rapid accumulation of information relating to the biomedical sciences, the reader is urgpd to carefully review and evaluate the information provided herein. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, New York 10013, U.SA. http://www.springer.com Please address all inquiries to the Publishers: Landes Bioscience, 1002 West Avenue, 2nd Floor, Austin, Texas 78701, U.SA. Phone: 512/ 637 6050; FAX: 512/ 637 6079 http://www.landesbioscience.com Printed in the United States of America. 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Libraiy of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Mechanisms of insulin action / [edited by] Alan R. Saltiel, Jeffrey E. Pessin. p.; cm. ~ (Medical intelligence unit) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-387-72203-0 (alk. paper) 1. Insulin—Physiological effect. I. Saltiel, Alan R. II. Pessin, Jeffrey E. III. Series: Medical intelligence unit (Unnumbered : 2003) [DNLM: 1. Insulin-pharmacology. WK 820 M486 2007] QP572.I5M43 2007 612.3'4~dc22 2007013421

CONTENTS Preface

xi

1. Insulin and IGF-I Receptor Structure and Binding Mechanism 1 Pierre De MeytSy Waseem Sajidy Jane Palsgaard, Anne-Mette Jenseriy Hassan Aladdin and Jonathan Whittaker Evolutionary Biology of the Insulin Peptide Family and Their Receptors 1 Structure of the Insulin and IGF-I Receptor Genes a