Mechanoregulation modeling of bone healing in realistic fracture geometries
- PDF / 1,432,823 Bytes
- 16 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 70 Downloads / 197 Views
ORIGINAL PAPER
Mechanoregulation modeling of bone healing in realistic fracture geometries Tianyi Ren1 · Hannah L. Dailey1 Received: 27 June 2019 / Accepted: 12 May 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In bone fracture healing, new tissue gradually forms, ossifies, and eventually remodels itself to restore mechanical stiffness and strength across injury site. Mechanical strain at the fracture site has been implicated in controlling the process of healing and numerical mechanoregulation models with strain-based fuzzy logic rules have been applied to simulate bone healing for simple fracture geometries. However, many of these simplified models cannot capture in vivo observations such as delays in healing with torsional instability or differences in healing rate between different fracture types. Accordingly, the purpose of this work was to apply a fuzzy logic mechanoregulation fracture healing simulation technique to 3D models representing a range of clinically inspired fracture geometries with intramedullary nail fixation and multiaxial loading conditions. The models predicted that the rate of healing depends on the geometry of the fracture and that all fracture types experience a small healing delay with torsional instability. The results also indicated that when realistic torsional loading and fixator mechanics are included, previously published strain-based rules for tissue destruction lead to simulated nonunions that would not be expected in vivo. This suggested that fracture healing may be more robust to distortional strain than has been previously reported and that fuzzy logic models may require parameter tuning to correctly capture clinically relevant healing. The strengths of this study are that it includes fracture morphology effects, realistic implant mechanics, and an exploratory adaptation of the upper distortional strain threshold. These findings may help future researchers extend these methods into clinical fracture healing prediction. Keywords Nonunion · Fracture healing · Finite element method · Fuzzy logic
1 Introduction Secondary bone healing involves the production of new soft tissues that progressively calcify and eventually become indistinguishable from original cortical bone (Bucholz et al. 2002; Marsell and Einhorn 2011). The soft tissue structure, called a callus, will grow around the fracture line and progressively stiffen over time as it ossifies (Inderchand et al. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10237-020-01340-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Tianyi Ren [email protected] Hannah L. Dailey [email protected] 1
Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
2009). Self-regulation of tissue differentiation is vital for fracture healing (Prendergast et al. 1997), but is difficult to monitor continuously in vivo. Despite these challenges, animal and clinical studies have consistently suggested tha
Data Loading...
