Mental Health in the Young Athlete
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CHILD AND ADOLESCENT DISORDERS (TD BENTON, SECTION EDITOR)
Mental Health in the Young Athlete Melissa S. Xanthopoulos 1 & Tami Benton 1,2 & Jason Lewis 1 & Julia A. Case 1 & Christina L. Master 3,4
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020, corrected publication 2020
Abstract Purpose of Review The goal of the present paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of mental health concerns in young athletes, with a focus on common disorders, as well as population-specific risk factors. Recent Findings Athletes experience similar mental health concerns as non-athlete peers, such as anxiety, depression and suicidal ideation, ADHD, eating disorders, and substance abuse. However, they also experience unique stressors that put them at risk for the development or exacerbation of mental health disorders. Student athletes have to balance academics with rigorous training regimens while focusing on optimal performance and managing high expectations. Physical injuries, overtraining, concussion, sleep disorders, and social identity are some of the factors that also impact the mental health of student athletes. Summary Existing literature highlights the need to develop proactive mental health and wellness education for young athletes, and to develop services that recognize the unique needs of this population. Keywords Athletes . Sport . Mental health . Injury . Risk factors
Introduction Approximately 8 million youth participated in interscholastic high school sports in the 2018–2019 school year in the USA, and 57.6% (54.0–61.2) of high schoolers played on at least one school or community sports team in the last 12 months [1, 2]. In addition, there are more than 460,000 NCAA student athletes competing in 24 different sports every year [3]. In addition to the physical benefits of participating in sports, numerous mental health and social benefits have been shown
This article is part of the Topical Collection on Child and Adolescent Disorders * Melissa S. Xanthopoulos [email protected] 1
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
2
Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
3
Pediatric and Adolescent Sports Medicine, Division of Pediatric Orthopedics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
4
Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
to be associated with participation in youth sport, including feelings of competence and confidence; emotional control and regulation; positive self- and social concept, body and self-esteem, and self-efficacy; physical and psychological resilience; positive social skills, functioning, and interactions; a sense of belonging, cooperation, connectedness, and teamwork; sportsmanship and conflict resolution skills; and development of character and sense of self [4]. Sport participation
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