Metabolic Engineering and Synthetic Biology of Cyanobacteria for Carbon Capture and Utilization
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pISSN 1226-8372 eISSN 1976-3816
RESEARCH PAPER
Metabolic Engineering and Synthetic Biology of Cyanobacteria for Carbon Capture and Utilization Napisa Pattharaprachayakul, Jong-il Choi, Aran Incharoensakdi, and Han Min Woo
Received: 6 December 2019 / Revised: 28 January 2020 / Accepted: 1 February 2020 © The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineering and Springer 2020
Abstract Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic bacteria that can directly convert CO2 into several bio-products for industrial use, such as alcohols and diols, terpenes, acids, and sugars. However, some of these compounds are either produced in low amounts or are absent in cyanobacteria, and thus strain development is required to achieve optimal production of these bio-products for industrial applications. Metabolic engineering has been applied to modify cyanobacteria for enhanced production of value-added compounds. In this review, we have elucidated metabolic engineering of various pathways with the yield and productivity of the desired products. We have also described recent overall strategies in advanced metabolic engineering. Keywords: cyanobacteria, metabolic engineering, synthetic biology, carbon capture and utilization
Napisa Pattharaprachayakul, Han Min Woo* Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Korea Tel: +82-31-290-7808; Fax: +82-31-290-7882 E-mail: [email protected] Napisa Pattharaprachayakul Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand Jong-il Choi Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea Napisa Pattharaprachayakul, Aran Incharoensakdi Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand Han Min Woo BioFoundry Research Center, Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Korea
1. Introduction Cyanobacteria act as efficient host organisms for replicating photosynthetic pathways seen in plants as they grow faster and can be easily manipulated [1]. As several essential genes coding for value-added compounds are absent in cyanobacteria, the development of metabolic engineering allows selective production of compounds directly derived from CO2 instead of organic carbon sources [2-4] (Fig. 1). These chemicals, such as alcohols, acids, terpenes, and sugar, have many industrial applications (Table 1). Generally, most of these value-added products are derived from higher plants and it is challenging to isolate or extract these chemicals from plants for large scale use [5]. Although heterotrophic microorganisms have greater ability to grow and produce these compounds compared to cyanobacteria or plants, it is not easy or cost-effective to incorporate carbon sources for production in these organisms [6]. Thus, the development of novel cyanobacteria might prove beneficial in overcoming these
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