Metal/ceramic interface in an in situ synthesized Ti/TiC P composite coating by laser processing
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S. Zhang State Key Laboratory for Corrosion and Protection of Metals, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110015, and Shengyang Polytechnic University, Shengyang 110023, People’s Republic of China
L.L. He Laboratory of Atomic Imaging of Solids, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110015, People’s Republic of China
W.T. Wu State Key Laboratory for Corrosion and Protection of Metals, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110015, People’s Republic of China
H.Q. Ye Laboratory of Atomic Imaging of Solids, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110015, People’s Republic of China (Received 27 July 2000; accepted 29 September 2000)
The metal/ceramic interface in an in situ synthesized Ti/TiCP composite coating by laser processing was analyzed using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The TiC particles were distributed uniformly in the matrix and were highly faceted. The interfaces between the TiC particles and the  matrix were abrupt and free of any other reaction phases. It was the Ti-terminated TiC surface that bonded to the  matrix, resulting in the metallic bonding between the TiC particles and the matrix. Metal/ceramic composite coatings have widely been built up by means of thermal spray or laser techniques on traditional engineering materials for improving their resistance to wear and erosion.1–3 In metal/ceramic composites, the overall composite properties depend critically on the load transfer from the matrix to the ceramic reinforcement, and thus on the structure and the nature of bonding of the metal/ceramic interfaces.4,5 Therefore, metal/ceramic interfaces have received much attention in materials science recently.6–12 In the present work, the Ti/TiC interface of an in situ TiC-particle-reinforced Ti matrix-composite coating13 was investigated using high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM). The composite was fabricated on the surface of titanium alloy via laser cladding processing. Cr3C2 and Ti powders with a size of 60 to 70 m were mechanically mixed and placed homogeneously on the surface of a Ti6Al4V alloy, and then put into a vacuum chamber. A JJ-D-400 Nd:YAG pulsed laser was employed for the laser processing. The optimal processing parameters were as follows: The energy for one laser pulse was 50 J, the frequency was 4 Hz, the focal length was 200 mm, the laser spot size was 2 mm in diameter, and the scanning velocity was 1.1 mm/s. J. Mater. Res., Vol. 16, No. 1, Jan 2001
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Thin foils for transmission electron microscopy were prepared with Ar+ ion milling equipment. The samples were examined on a HF-2000 field emission gun (FEG) transmission electron microscope (TEM) equipped with the Link (New Oxford Instruments, High Wycombe, UK) energy-dispersive spectroscopy system. The pointto-point resolution of the HF-2000 FEG TEM is 0.24 nm. Image simulations
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