Metal Matrix Composites Using Diamond-like Carbon-Coated Particles Fabricated by Cold Spray Technique
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Metal Matrix Composites Using Diamond-like Carbon-Coated Particles Fabricated by Cold Spray Technique Nana Okimura1 • Jongbeom Choi1 • Wataru Nakayama1 • Nobuhisa Ata1 Yuki Hirata1 • Naoto Ohtake1 • Hiroki Akasaka1
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Submitted: 28 June 2019 / in revised form: 21 May 2020 Ó ASM International 2020
Abstract Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films have a high hardness and a low friction coefficient. Therefore, DLC films are applied in industrial fields to reduce energy consumption. However, DLC films can only be obtained as coatings, and DLC films of only micrometer thickness can be deposited on substrates. In this study, we focused on the cold spray (CS) technique as a means of obtaining a DLCcontaining metal composite. DLC-containing metal composite films with a millimeter thickness and a low friction coefficient were obtained by depositing DLC-coated metal [copper (Cu) and titanium (Ti)] particles by the CS technique. For Cu particles, DLC-coated particles were prepared with two different deposition times. Then, composite films were fabricated by the CS technique using these particles. The thickness of the DLC-containing Cu(CuDLC) composite film was 200 lm and that of the DLCcontaining Ti (Ti-DLC30) composite film was 252 lm, and the introduction of DLC into the metal films was demonstrated by Raman spectroscopy. Then, we conducted a sliding test using a ball to evaluate the sliding characteristic of each film. The Cu-DLC composite films deposited from thin DLC-coated Cu particles behaved as a solid lubricant in the ball-on-disk test and Cu-DLC composite films deposited from thick DLC-coated Cu particles acted as an abrasive. For Ti particles, DLC was graphitized and acted as an abrasive. This article is an invited paper selected from presentations at the 2019 International Thermal Spray Conference, held May 26-29, 2019 in Yokohama, Japan and has been expanded from the original presentation. & Nana Okimura [email protected] 1
Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Keywords cold spraying composite films diamond-Like carbon friction coefficient
Introduction Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films consist of sp3- and sp2hybridized bonding carbon and hydrogen atoms (Ref 1). DLC films have intermediate characteristics between those of graphite and diamond such as excellent mechanical properties, i.e., high hardness, wear resistance, and biocompatibility (Ref 2). In particular, the low friction coefficient of DLC films (e.g., 0.1) can suppress friction loss in sliding parts (Ref 3). Thus, the sliding parts of many mechanical parts are coated with DLC films to reduce energy consumption (Ref 4). DLC films have been applied in industrial fields such as mechanical coatings for automobile parts (Ref 5). From the above, if it is possible to fabricate mechanical parts from DLC, a sustained reduction in energy consumption may be obtained owing to its low friction coefficient. However, DLC can only be synthesized as a film (Ref 6). In general, DLC films which are a nonequilibrium material can b
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