Methods, Results, and Future Directions

The methods used to complete the model of the Moon’s large scale features are reviewed with a concise statement of the results. In the course of this work, new tools were used to model the large features of the Moon. The history of the Moon was investigat

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Charles J. Byrne

The Moon’s Near Side Megabasin and Far Side Bulge

SpringerBriefs in Astronomy

Series Editors Martin Ratcliffe Michael Inglis Wolfgang Hillebrandt

For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/10090

Charles J. Byrne

The Moon’s Near Side Megabasin and Far Side Bulge

13

Charles J. Byrne Middletown NJ USA

ISSN 2191-9100 ISSN 2191-9119  (electronic) ISBN 978-1-4614-6949-0  (eBook) ISBN 978-1-4614-6948-3 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-6949-0 Springer New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London

Library of Congress Control Number: 2013933587 © Charles J. Byrne 2013 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Preface

In our human history, we have perceived the Moon in different ways. Early astronomers saw the Moon as a sphere, the only object in the sky except the sun that was clearly not a point. Different cultures identified the patterns of light and dark in diverse ways, such as a man in the Moon and a rabbit. Now, we call the dark areas maria, comparing them to Earth’s seas. Shortly after the invention of telescopes, Galileo Galilei and others turned them to the Moon and saw that it was not a perfect sphere but was heavily cratered. With or without instruments, we here on Earth see only the near side of the Moon: the far side is known to us on