Microbial Production of Nanolignin from Cotton Stalks and Its Application onto Cotton and Linen Fabrics for Multifunctio
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Microbial Production of Nanolignin from Cotton Stalks and Its Application onto Cotton and Linen Fabrics for Multifunctional Properties Siddhi J. Juikar1 · Vigneshwaran Nadanathangam1 Received: 1 June 2019 / Accepted: 22 October 2019 © Springer Nature B.V. 2019
Abstract Microbial means of nanolignin production from the bulk lignin derived out of cotton stalks could add value to the agricultural biomass, without affecting the environment. Also, such nanolignin can be used to impart multifunctional properties on the surface of cotton and linen fabrics. The bulk lignin was extracted by kraft pulping process from cotton stalks and subjected to controlled microbial hydrolysis by a lignin degrading fungal isolate, Aspergillus oryzae to obtain the nanolignin. For comparison, nanolignins were prepared by two different established processes, high-shear homogenization and ultrasonication. The microbial process yielded 45.3% nanolignin while homogenization and ultrasonication processes yielded 79.50% and 62.60%, respectively. The nanolignins were characterized for size by DLS particle size analyzer, morphology by AFM and SEM, chemical nature by FTIR, glass transition temperature by DSC and crystallite size by XRD. The microbial nanolignin was applied on to cotton and linen fabrics using pad dry cure method using acrylic binder and studied for its multifunctional properties after 5 and 10 wash cycles. Both the fabrics (cotton and linen) treated with nanolignin showed 100% antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia, and, enhanced UV absorbing and antioxidant properties. This study demonstrated the microbial process for production of nanolignin from cotton stalks and protocol to apply nanolignin to impart antibacterial, antioxidant and UV protection properties on the surface of cotton and linen fabrics. Graphic Abstract
Keywords Cotton fabrics · Cotton stalks · Linen fabrics · Microbial production · Multifunctional properties · Nanolignin
Statement of Novelty Lignin, a major biopolymer obtained as a byproduct during biomass valorization, is converted into a value added product, nanolignin by an eco-friendly microbial process. A lignin degrading fungal isolate, Aspergillus oryzae, was * Vigneshwaran Nadanathangam [email protected] 1
used to hydrolyze the lignin in a controlled fashion. The characteristics of this nanolignin was comparable with the nanolignin prepared by conventional processes, viz., highshear homogenization and ultrasonication. This nanolignin was applied on the surface of cotton and linen fabrics using acrylic binder and demonstrated to impart multifunctional properties like antibacterial, UV-absorbing and antioxidant properties.
Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICARCentral Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India
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Introduction Cotton stalk, an important byproduct of cotton crop, is holocellulose rich, inexpensive agricultural residue available in surplus without any compe
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