Microdynamics Simulation
This volume deals with the simulation of metamorphic and tectonic microstrucutres in rocks with a special emphasis on the modelling package "Elle". The first part provides a review of the problems and opportunities in the modelling of microstructures, fol
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Paul D. D. Bons · Daniel Koehn · Mark W. Jessell (Eds.)
Microdynamics Simulation With 185 Figures
Paul D. D. Bons Eberhard Karls Universität Institut für Geowissenschaften Fachbereich Mineralogie und Geodynamik 10 Sigwartstrasse Tübingen 72076 Germany [email protected]
Mark W. Jessell IRD LMTG UMR 5563 14 avenue Edouard Belin Toulouse, France 31400 [email protected]
Daniel Koehn Universität Mainz FB Geowissenschaften Geographisches Institut 21 Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg Mainz 55099 Germany [email protected]
“For all Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences published till now please see final pages of the book” ISBN: 978-3-540-25522-2
e-ISBN: 978-3-540-44793-1
Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences ISSN: 0930-0317 Library of Congress Control Number: 2007937514 c 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: WMXDesign GmbH Printed on acid-free paper 987654321 springer.com
Preface Paul Bons, Mark Jessell and Daniel Koehn From the first observations of microstructures, geologists have tried to model and simulate their formation. Modelling and simulation are closely related terms, often used as synonyms. However, there is a difference. According to the Apple-Macintosh electronic dictionary, a model is “a simplified description, especially a mathematical one, of a system or process, to assist calculations and predictions”. The same dictionary defines simulation as the “imitation of the appearance or character of [something]”. As a special case it also lists “product of a computer model”. A model is therefore a theoretical abstraction, whereas the simulation is the actual application of the model to a specific case. For example, a rigid ellipsoid in a deforming homogeneous viscous matrix (Fig. 1b) can be a model for a porphyroblast or porphyroclast in a deforming rock (Fig. 1a) (Ghosh and Ramberg 1976). Applying and running the model for a specific case would be a simulation (Fig. 1c) (e.g. Bons et al. 1997, see also Ch. 4.7). We used the term simulation in the title of this book, because we are mainly concerned with the numerical implementation of models as a means to exploring their validity, not so much with the models themselves, which are amply dealt with in such
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