Microstructural Analysis of Orientation-Dependent Recovery and Recrystallization in a Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel Deformed by
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TRODUCTION
Most metals and alloys are subjected to thermomechanical processing, which includes plastic deformation and annealing in various combinations. Annealing after plastic deformation may result in static recrystallization, which is frequently accompanied by changes in the crystallographic texture. For body-centered cubic (bcc) iron-based systems, the deformation texture after compression is dominated by h100i and h111i fiber texture components aligned with the compression axis (CA), and it is generally found that the h100i component weakens during recrystallization, whereas the h111i fiber texture strengthens significantly.[1–4] ZHENBO ZHANG, formerly Ph.D. Student with the Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark, is now Postdoctoral Research Associate with the School of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK. Contact e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] YUBIN ZHANG, Senior Researcher, is with the Section for Materials Science and Advanced Characterization, Department of Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark, Risø Campus, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark. OLEG V. MISHIN, Senior Researcher, and DORTE JUUL JENSEN, Professor, are with the Section for Materials Science and Advanced Characterization, Department of Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark, and also with the Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research. NAIRONG TAO, Professor, is with the Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenyang 110016, China, and also with the Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research. WOLFGANG PANTLEON, Associate Professor, is with the Section for Materials and Surface Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark, and also with the Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research. Manuscript submitted January 19, 2016. Article published online July 5, 2016 4682—VOLUME 47A, SEPTEMBER 2016
In a previous study[3] on a modified ferritic/martensitic 9Cr-1Mo steel where samples were deformed to a strain of 0.5 either by quasistatic compression (QSC) or by dynamic plastic deformation (DPD),[5,6] it has been found that DPD resulted in a stronger h111i + h100i fiber texture and in faster recrystallization than QSC. The faster recrystallization was attributed to a finer boundary spacing and, therefore, a higher energy stored during DPD as compared to QSC.[3] At a strain of 0.5, the boundary spacings measured by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in the DPD samples and the QSC samples were in the submicrometer range, 190 nm and 240 nm, respectively. The aim of the present work is to investigate recrystallization in a sample compressed by DPD to a much higher strain (e = 2.3) with a finer boundary spacing in the deformed state, and thus with a significantly higher stored energy and driving force for recovery and recrystallization. A preliminary analysis has shown that recrystallization in this material takes place in a highly heterogeneous manner.[7] It is therefore of interest to
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