Microwave absorption properties of polyaniline (PAni) with various amount of carbonaceous material (CM)
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Microwave absorption properties of polyaniline (PAni) with various amount of carbonaceous material (CM) Nurrafiqah Mokhtar1 · Pei‑Yi Wong2 · Geok‑Bee Teh3 · Sook‑Wai Phang4 Received: 14 May 2020 / Revised: 14 September 2020 / Accepted: 14 October 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This study investigates the microwave absorption properties of polyaniline (PAni) with varying carbonaceous material, CM (Fullerene,C60) contents. PAni nanocomposites were prepared with varying contents of C60 ranging from 5 to 40% through a chemical oxidation method by using carboxylic acid as the dopant. The functional groups of PAni nanocomposites were validated by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) Spectroscopy analyses. The surface morphology of nanocomposites and the presence of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and C60 were confirmed by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and X-ray Diffractometry (XRD), respectively. Microwave absorption studies were carried out using Microwave Vector Network Analyzer (MVNA) from 0.5 to 18.0 GHz. The study showed that PAni nanocomposites with 10% of C60 formed the nanorods/nanotubes with the biggest diameter of 200 nm as compared to other PAni nanocomposites. It was found that PAni nanocomposites with 10% C 60 also recorded the highest electrical conductivity and relative permittivity of 1.708 × 10–1 S/cm and 9.97, respectively. The nanocomposite that was formulated with 10% of C 60 showed an improvement of interchain and intrachain charge transfer as well as molecular polarization along the PAni backbone. Hence, it eventually reduces the electrical energy dissipated by PAni, and finally enhances the microwave absorption properties with the highest reflection loss (RL) of −61.3 dB at 9 GHz. Keywords PAni nanocomposites · Carbonaceous material · Microwave absorption · Reflection loss
* Sook‑Wai Phang [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
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Polymer Bulletin
Introduction Electromagnetic interference (EMI) is an interference in the working of an electronic device or system caused by external sources that generate electromagnetic field. Generally, electromagnetic (EM) noise can arise through many ways, especially with the proliferation of electronic devices, equipment and electrical systems. High-power EM from electronic devices may lead to the malfunction of instruments [1]. Therefore, EMI shielding material is extremely essential to protect electronic devices by blocking out unwanted EM radiation [2]. A compound which is high in conductivity, dielectric permittivity, having good microwave absorption and magnetic permeability could potentially be applied as an excellent EMI shielding material [3]. Over the last few decades, metal is the most common EMI shielding material used in various applications due to its good reflection properties. Iron, copper, aluminum and steel are examples of other widely used EMI shielding metals
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