Middleware Technologies for Smart Wireless Sensor Networks towards Internet of Things: A Comparative Review
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Middleware Technologies for Smart Wireless Sensor Networks towards Internet of Things: A Comparative Review Vikash1 · Lalita Mishra1 · Shirshu Varma1
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Internet of Things (IoT) offers complex networks of connected devices, which are used to serve in the real-time environment. Interestingly, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) play as one of the major components to observe environment in real-time. Although, IoT is being used in diverse applications and services, which involve heterogeneity and interoperability that make it more complex as compared to traditional networks. Further, to takecare of these issues middleware coalesce as a software technology by supporting interoperability, heterogeneous computing, and communication. So, middleware can be used in various IoT applications by extending the WSNs as a services. With this reference, we provide a survey on WSNs middlewares towards IoT to provide a comparative view of various middlewares and how this middleware technology can be used to incorporate several problems arise in the development of IoT applications. This survey paper also highlights the various issues involved while developing the IoT applications. Keywords Wireless sensor networks · Middleware technology · Internet of Things · Radio frequency identification (RFID) · Machine to machine communication (M2M) · Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA)
1 Introduction Internet of Things (IoT) consists of a set of technologies, which includes sensors, embedded systems, actuators, cloud computing, objects or things, and next-generation smaller devices. These technologies are used in our daily life to make it easier and compatible. Wireless sensor networks(WSNs) are one of the core and essential technologies for IoT. Additionally, tiny and lightweighted sensors open various new and miraculous opportunity in real world applications. Moreover, These sensors are low power, low cost, and easy * Vikash [email protected] Lalita Mishra [email protected] Shirshu Varma [email protected] 1
Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad, India
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to deploy without considering the restriction of environmental conditions. Collectively, these sensors offers wide variety advantage over conventional networks such as application adaptive mechanism, high resolution sensed data and scale free architecture. Additionally, WSNs provide tight integration to the physical environment along with the unique characteristics. With all these constrained sensor networks are considered as a necessary and feasible step towards the development of automated real-time applications. However, sensor module should have the capability to sense the environmental condition and forward it to processing system to process the data, and forward the data in the information to the end-user. To accomplish these task, it should provide a programming interface and operating system, which glue all the module togethe
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