Migration mechanism of fine particles in aquifer during water injection
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Migration mechanism of fine particles in aquifer during water injection Mingze Du1,2,3 · Bin Gong4,5 · Yanchun Xu6 · Zhao Zhao6 · Luoxun Zhang6 Received: 25 February 2019 / Accepted: 18 April 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Water injection in aquifers to stabilize water level is a novel method to prevent shaft failure. However, with the progression of water injection, the flow rate of water injec‑ tion decreases gradually. Through analysis, it is considered that the fine particles in sand migrate to form a dense structure, which hinders the increase of water flow. In order to investigate the migration mechanism of fine particles in the aquifer during water injection, experimental tests and numerical simulations were conducted in the present study. First, the physical experiment was designed, and it was shown that the water pressure difference between the two pressure gauges gradually decreased, while the water flow rate per hour slowly decreased. Furthermore, the permeability coefficient of sand near the outlet became smaller and smaller with the migration of fine particles, which indicated that the fine par‑ ticles among sand grains migrated gradually from the water injection inlet to the outlet. Additionally, the water flow channels formed slowly. Then, the microscopic mechanism of fine particle migration was studied using particle flow code numerical simulation. Dur‑ ing water injection, water pressure and porosity of sand decreased from the water injec‑ tion inlet to the outlet, while the coordination number of particles increased on the whole. Contact force chain gradually strengthened near the outlet side during water injection. The trends of force chain distribution, the coordination number distributions and the evolution of porosity were consistent, which highlighted the process of fine particles migrating from the injection inlet to the outlet in the aquifer. * Bin Gong [email protected] Mingze Du [email protected] 1
Mine Safety Technology Branch, China Coal Research Institute, Beijing 100013, China
2
State Key Lab of Coal Resource High Efficient Mining and Clean Utilization (China Coal Research Institute), Beijing 100013, China
3
Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China
4
Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852‑8521, Japan
5
State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control Co‑founded by Shandong Province and the Ministry of Science and Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
6
School of Energy and Mining Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
13
Vol.:(0123456789)
Natural Hazards
Keywords Water injection · Shaft failure · Aquifer · Particle migration · Seepage
1 Introduction During coal mining, the shaft plays an important role to transfer and hoist coal. The safety of shafts dominates the production of a coal mine. However, the nonmining failure of the shaft is a new type of mining disaster and is threatening the safe production o
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