Milling byproducts are an economically viable substrate for butanol production using clostridial ABE fermentation
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BIOTECHNOLOGICAL PRODUCTS AND PROCESS ENGINEERING
Milling byproducts are an economically viable substrate for butanol production using clostridial ABE fermentation Nils Thieme 1 & Johanna C. Panitz 1,2 & Claudia Held 1,3 & Birgit Lewandowski 4,5 & Wolfgang H. Schwarz 1,6 & Wolfgang Liebl 1 & Vladimir Zverlov 1,7 Received: 19 June 2020 / Revised: 14 August 2020 / Accepted: 2 September 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Butanol is a platform chemical that is utilized in a wide range of industrial products and is considered a suitable replacement or additive to liquid fuels. So far, it is mainly produced through petrochemical routes. Alternative production routes, for example through biorefinery, are under investigation but are currently not at a market competitive level. Possible alternatives, such as acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation by solventogenic clostridia are not market-ready to this day either, because of their low butanol titer and the high costs of feedstocks. Here, we analyzed wheat middlings and wheat red dog, two wheat milling byproducts available in large quantities, as substrates for clostridial ABE fermentation. We could identify ten strains that exhibited good butanol yields on wheat red dog. Two of the best ABE producing strains, Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 and Clostridium diolis DSM 15410, were used to optimize a laboratory-scale fermentation process. In addition, enzymatic pretreatment of both milling byproducts significantly enhanced ABE production rates of the strains C. beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 and C. diolis DSM 15410. Finally, a profitability analysis was performed for small- to mid-scale ABE fermentation plants that utilize enzymatically pretreated wheat red dog as substrate. The estimations show that such a plant could be commercially successful. Key points • Wheat milling byproducts are suitable substrates for clostridial ABE fermentation. • Enzymatic pretreatment of wheat red dog and middlings increases ABE yield. • ABE fermentation plants using wheat red dog as substrate are economically viable.
Keywords Clostridia . Butanol . ABE fermentation . Wheat milling byproducts . Profitability analysis
Nils Thieme and Johanna C. Panitz contributed equally to this work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-020-10882-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Vladimir Zverlov [email protected] 1
Technical University of Munich, Emil-Ramann-Str. 4, 85354 Freising, Germany
2
Present address: Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Berg 3, 85354 Freising, Germany
3
Present address: TDK Electronics AG, Rosenheimer Str. 141e, 81671 Munich, Germany
4
Fritzmeier Umwelttechnik GmbH & Co KG, Dorfstraße 7, 85653 Aying, Germany
5
Present address: Electrochaea GmbH, Semmelweisstrasse 3, 82152 Planegg, Germany
6
Present address: aspratis GmbH, Huebnerstrasse 11, 80637 Munich, Germany
7
Institute of Molecular Genetics, RAS, Kurchatov Sq 2, 123128 Moscow, Russia
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