Mineralogy and geochemistry of pozzolans from the Tombel Plain, Bamileke Plateau, and Noun Plain monogenetic volcanoes i
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Mineralogy and geochemistry of pozzolans from the Tombel Plain, Bamileke Plateau, and Noun Plain monogenetic volcanoes in the central part of the Cameroon Volcanic Line Mbowou Ngantche Igor Fulbert1,2 • Owona Se´bastien1 • Chako Tchamabe Boris3 Lissom Justin1 • Lanson Bruno4 • Ekodeck Georges Emmanuel5
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Received: 20 September 2019 / Revised: 2 January 2020 / Accepted: 28 January 2020 Ó Science Press and Institute of Geochemistry, CAS and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Pozzolans from the Tombel Plain, Bamileke Plateau, and Noun Plain, 3 monogenetic volcanic fields in the central part of the Cameroon Volcanic Line (the Tombel Plain, Bamileke Plateau, and Noun Plain), were explored in order to constrain their petrology and make some predictions on their pozzolanicity. The rocks in this study include alkaline and subalkaline basalts, trachybasalts, and basanites. Most of these rocks present an overall composition that overlaps with primitive mantle, suggesting rapid ascent of magmas, limited crustal contamination and crystal fractionation of olivine, clinopyroxene, and feldspar. The pozzolans present enrichment of LREE relative to HREE and high chondrite normalized ratios of La/Yb and Tb/Yb, ranging between 7 and 20 and [ 1.9 respectively, similar to those of Ocean Island Basalts. Like other nearby volcanoes, partial melting in a Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11631-020-00403-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. & Owona Se´bastien [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Faculty of Science, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Douala, P.O. Box 24157, Douala, Cameroon
2
Faculty of Science, Department of Geology, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
3
CONACYT-Centro de Ingenieria y Desarrollo Industrial (Sede Campeche), Av. Playa Pie de la Cuesta N° 702, Desarrollo San Pablo, P.O. Box. 76125, Quere´taro, Mexico
4
Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Maison des Sciences de la Terre, P.O. Box 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
5
Faculty of Science, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Yaounde´ I, P.O. Box: 812, Yaounde´, Cameroon
dominantly garnet-bearing mantle zone can be assumed. Quantitative mineralogy by X-ray diffraction revealed various mineral phases with dominantly plagioclase, augite, olivine, and Fe–Ti oxides. The samples contains important amorphous phase up to 23, 51, and 69 wt% in the Tombel Plain, Noun Plain, and Bamileke Plateau, respectively. This elevated amount of amorphous phases together with the sum of SiO2, Al2O3, and total Fe2O3 (SAI = 68.50–83.50 [ 70 wt%) according to ASTM C 618 standard and the sum of CaO, FeO, and MgO (CIM = 14.5–30.52 wt% and 23.58–31.08 wt%) suggest interesting pozzolanicity character for the studied pozzolans. Keywords Pozzolans Mineralogy Geochemistry Pozzolanicity Monogenetic volcanic fields Cameroon Volcanic Line
1 Introduction Pozzolans
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