Mitigating drought and landslide simultaneously for mountain tribes of Taiwan: hydrogeological investigation, modelling,
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Mitigating drought and landslide simultaneously for mountain tribes of Taiwan: hydrogeological investigation, modelling, and development of an intelligent hazard prevention system Hung‑Chieh Lo1 · Shih‑Meng Hsu2 · Po‑Yi Chou1 · Chien‑Chung Ke1 Received: 6 March 2019 / Accepted: 16 June 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Drought and landslide are two common hazards that occurred in mountainous regions of Taiwan. This study is intended to develop a new concept of hazard prevention and management for solving both hazards simultaneously, in which the complex hazard has increased over the years in intensity and frequency due to climate variability and change. The proposed concept is a win–win solution that contains the feature of efficiency to mitigate two hazards together. When pumping groundwater as daily water demand at landslide-prone sites, the pore-water pressure decreases and the thickness of the unsaturated zone increases, which can result in stabilizing landslide-prone slopes and increasing flood storage capacity as an underground detention basin, respectively. Consequently, this approach can reduce the risk induced by the two hazards. To reinforce the effectiveness and instantaneity of hazard management, the technologies of smart sensing, smart transmission, and smart computing are then incorporated into a novel framework to develop an intelligent hazard prevention and management system. Thus, the groundwater supply-slope stability management system was installed and tested in the remote Kaoshi tribe, which is situated in Kaoshi Village of Mudan Township, Pingtung County, southern Taiwan. Hydrogeological issues for subsurface complexity, field investigations, and numerical modelling for preliminary evaluation and system design are also highlighted in this study. The developed system, which can offer valuable support for decision-making processes of hazard prevention, is capable of monitoring dynamic signals from various in-situ sensors, helping water resource allocations, and stabilizing hill slopes by means of drainage. Keywords Intelligent hazard prevention and management system · Drought · Mitigation · Groundwater exploitation · Landslide · Internet of things (IoT)
* Shih‑Meng Hsu [email protected] 1
Geotechnical Engineering Research Center, Sinotech Engineering Consultant, 3F, No. 280, Xinhu 2nd Rd., Neihu Dist., Taipei City 11494, Taiwan, ROC
2
Department of Harbor and River Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, No.2, Beining Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Keelung City 20224, Taiwan, ROC
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Natural Hazards
1 Introduction Climate change has been a significant environmental concern affecting human lives over the decades. The following hazards, such as extreme rainfall events or prolonged dry periods, are increasing in intensity and frequency and vitally disrupt goals on global sustainable development (UNISDR 2015; World Bank 2015). Such influences also unavoidably occur in Taiwan and remain two significant impacts in mountainous regions: (1) imbalanced wat
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