Mitochondrial genetic diversity of the invasive drosophilid Zaprionus indianus (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in South America
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Mitochondrial genetic diversity of the invasive drosophilid Zaprionus indianus (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in South America L. Fernandez Goya . M. Imberti . M. S. Rodriguero . J. J. Fanara . G. Risso . N. J. Lavagnino
Received: 10 January 2020 / Accepted: 13 August 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Zaprionus indianus was first reported in South America in 1999 and has rapidly colonised most of the continent since. Previous studies established Brazil as the sole entry point into the continent and the source of its expansion northward, but dispersal to the southern limit of its distribution in South America has not been studied so far. In the present work we extracted DNA of 127 individuals collected in northeastern Argentina (South America) and amplified the COII mitochondrial gene in order to describe the
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-020-02342-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. L. Fernandez Goya M. Imberti M. S. Rodriguero J. J. Fanara N. J. Lavagnino (&) Departamento de Ecologı´a, Gene´tica y Evolucio´n, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Auto´noma de Buenos Aires, Argentina e-mail: [email protected] M. Imberti M. S. Rodriguero J. J. Fanara N. J. Lavagnino Instituto de Ecologı´a, Gene´tica y Evolucio´n (IEGEBA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Auto´noma de Buenos Aires, Argentina G. Risso Instituto de Fisiologı´a, Biologı´a Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Auto´noma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
mitochondrial genetic diversity and shed light about the invasion history of this species into this area. Our results suggest a single Z. indianus introduction wave from Brazil has recently occurred in north-eastern Argentina. In addition, by comparison with available sequences from other locations we can state that the invasive haplotypes present in Argentina are shared with those found in Brazilian populations and are phylogenetically closer to haplotypes from Africa than those found in India. This places Brazil as the sole recipient of the invasion to the American continent and its subsequent dispersion southwards. Keywords Cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (COII) Genetic diversity Haplotype network Population structure
Introduction Zaprionus indianus Gupta 1970, also known as the African fig fly, is a species native to the Afrotropical region. It was reported for the first time in the American continent in 1999 near Sa˜o Paulo city in Brazil (Vilela 1999). Since this initial report, Z. indianus has shown a remarkable colonization ability and has increased its geographical distribution to almost the entire continent in \ 20 years, with the southernmost record near 37S (Gon˜i et al. 2002) and its northern distribution limit at latitudes around 45 to
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50N (Renkema et al. 2
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