Mixed-reality view of cardiac specimens: a new approach to understanding complex intracardiac congenital lesions
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TECHNICAL INNOVATION
Mixed-reality view of cardiac specimens: a new approach to understanding complex intracardiac congenital lesions Sok-Leng Kang 1 & Nicholas Shkumat 2 & Andreea Dragulescu 1 & Vitor Guerra 1 & Nancy Padfield 2 & Konstantin Krutikov 3 & David A. Chiasson 3 & Rajiv R. Chaturvedi 1 & Shi-Joon Yoo 2 & Lee N. Benson 1 Received: 11 February 2020 / Revised: 25 March 2020 / Accepted: 22 May 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Digital reality is an emerging platform for three-dimensional representation of medical imaging data. In this technical innovation paper, the authors evaluated the accuracy and utility of mixed-reality technology in the morphological evaluation of complex congenital heart disease. The authors converted CT datasets of 12 heart specimens with different subtypes of double-outlet right ventricle to stereoscopic images and interrogated them using a mixed-reality system. The morphological features identified on the stereoscopic models were compared with findings at macroscopic examination of the actual heart specimens. The results showed that the mixed-reality system provided highly accurate stereoscopic display of spatially complex congenital cardiac lesions, with interactive features that might enhance 3-D understanding of morphology. Additionally, the authors found that high-resolution digital reproduction of cardiac specimens using clinical CT scanners is feasible for preservation and educational purposes. Keywords Computed tomography . Congenital heart disease . Digital reality . Imaging . Pediatrics . Specimens . Three-dimensional
Description Three-dimensional conceptualization of cardiac anatomy is fundamental to the understanding of complex congenital Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-020-04740-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Lee N. Benson [email protected] 1
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Labatt Family Heart Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto School of Medicine, 555 University Ave., Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
2
Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, ON, Canada
3
Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, ON, Canada
heart disease. As such, cadaveric heart specimens serve as an invaluable resource, allowing insight into the intricacies of intracardiac anatomy and spatial relationships. Advanced 3-D imaging techniques now provide a modality to capture morphological details of congenital heart disease at sub-millimeter resolution. However, visualization of 3-D volumetric data presented on 2-D screens prevents the perception of depth, and falls short of the visualhaptic input provided by interrogation of a cardiac specimen. Three-dimensional printing bridges this gap through creation of a physical replica, and in the last dec
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