Modeling and performance evaluation of underwater wireless optical communication system in the presence of different siz
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Modeling and performance evaluation of underwater wireless optical communication system in the presence of different sized air bubbles Mandeep Singh1 · Maninder Lal Singh1 · Gurpreet Singh1 · Hardeep Kaur1 · Priyanka1 · Sehajpal Kaur1 Received: 25 June 2020 / Accepted: 20 November 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this article, a statistical channel model is proposed to characterize the Underwater Wireless Optical Communication (UWOC) system in the presence of different air bubbles population considering freshwater scenario. The irradiance fluctuations of the received optical signal are characterized by Gaussian Mixture Model based upon the experimental data. The behavior of the UWOC channel is modeled in the form of an analytical expression. The goodness of fit test shows excellent fit of analytical expression with the experimental measured data under given channel conditions. In order to test the impact of channel characteristics of the practical application, an image is transmitted through UWOC channel in the presence of imperfections due to presence of bubbles. The performance is evaluated in terms of Structure Similarity Index attributed to image quality. A comparative performance analysis of different filtration schemes is also performed in order to improve the performance deterioration due to imperfect channel conditions. A significant improvement of UWOC system using median filter is observed under given channel conditions compared to other cases. Keywords Underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) · Gaussian mixture model (GMM) · Structure similarity index (SSIM) · Median filter · Wiener filter
1 Introduction Nowadays, the interest to explore the underwater environment has increased significantly for various applications such as sea floor survey, offshore oil exploration, ocean environment monitoring, imaging, real time video transmission etc. (Zeng et al. 2017). As a result, there is a growing need to design appropriate, reliable and efficient high data rate underwater wireless communication system. Traditionally, acoustic waves having low attenuation under the water are widely used to establish a communication system but it suffers from
* Mandeep Singh [email protected] 1
Department of Electronics Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
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multipath propagation, low bandwidth, large latency, and Doppler spread etc. (Akyildiz et al. 2005). In addition, the radio frequency (RF) communication is not feasible at larger distances due to high RF attenuation at higher frequencies. Also, the conductivity of the sea water is 2–3 order of magnitude higher than that of natural fresh water, which hampers their widespread usage for today’s underwater communication (Lacovara 2008; Apel 1987; Lanzagorta 2012). Therefore, the UWOC system operating in the blue-green portion of the spectrum in the 400–550 nm wavelength range seems to be a potential candidate for next generati
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