Modeling human thinking about similarities by neuromatrices in the perspective of fuzzy logic
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Modeling human thinking about similarities by neuromatrices in the perspective of fuzzy logic Jerzy Grobelny1
•
Rafał Michalski1
•
Gerhard-Wilhelm Weber2,3
Received: 22 November 2019 / Accepted: 10 September 2020 The Author(s) 2020
Abstract In this work, we propose a new method for modeling human reasoning about objects’ similarities. We assume that similarity depends on perceived intensities of objects’ attributes expressed by natural language expressions such as low, medium, and high. We show how to find the underlying structure of the matrix with intensities of objects’ similarities in the factor-analysis-like manner. The demonstrated approach is based on fuzzy logic and set theory principles, and it uses only maximum and minimum operators. Similarly to classic eigenvector decomposition, we aim at representing the initial linguistic ordinal-scale (LOS) matrix as a max–min product of other LOS matrix and its transpose. We call this reconstructing matrix a neuromatrix because we assume that such a process takes place at the neural level in our brain. We show and discuss on simple, illustrative examples, how the presented way of modeling grasps natural way of reasoning about similarities. The unique characteristics of our approach are treating smaller attribute intensities as less important in making decisions about similarities. This feature is consistent with how the human brain is functioning at a biological level. A neuron fires and passes information further only if input signals are strong enough. The proposal of the heuristic algorithm for finding the decomposition in practice is also introduced and applied to exemplary data from classic psychological studies on perceived similarities between colors and between nations. Finally, we perform a series of simulation experiments showing the effectiveness of the proposed heuristic. Keywords Similarity perception Fuzzy logic Similarity matrix decomposition Neuromatrices Linguistic ordinal scales (LOS) Reconstructing similarity matrix
1 Introduction
& Rafał Michalski [email protected] http://www.rafalmichalski.com Jerzy Grobelny [email protected] http://www.jerzygrobelny.com Gerhard-Wilhelm Weber [email protected] 1
Faculty of Computer Science and Management, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław 50-370, Poland
2
Faculty of Engineering Management, Poznan´ University of Technology, Poznan 60-965, Poland
3
Institute of Applied Mathematics, METU, Ankara 06800, Turkey
In our paper, we present a new approach to modeling and analyzing human perception of similarities that derives both from cognitive psychology and from neurophysiological studies. Though there have been developed a number of models trying to mimic the brain functioning, there is still a variety of issues that are not covered or clear in this regard. In this research, we focus only on modeling of a specific aspect of the human thinking, that is, processing the object’s similari
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