Modeling, learning, and simulating human activities of daily living with behavior trees
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Modeling, learning, and simulating human activities of daily living with behavior trees Yannick Francillette1 Sébastien Gaboury1
· Bruno Bouchard1
· Kévin Bouchard1
·
Received: 25 June 2019 / Accepted: 25 April 2020 © Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Autonomy is a key factor in the quality of life of a person. With the aging of the population, an increasing number of people suffers from a reduced level of autonomy. That compromises their capacity of performing their daily activities and causes safety issues. The new concept of ambient assisted living (AAL), and more specifically its application in smart homes for supporting elderly people, constitutes a great avenue of the solution. However, to be able to automatically assist a user carrying out is activities, researchers and engineers face three main challenges in the development of smart homes: (i) how to represent the activity models, (ii) how to automatically construct theses models based on historical data and (iii) how to be able to simulate the user behavior for tests and calibration purpose. Most of recent works addressing these challenges exploit simple models of activity with no semantic, or use logically complex ones or else use probabilistically rigid representations. In this paper, we propose a global approach to address the three challenges. We introduce a new way of modeling human activities in smart homes based on behavior trees which are used in the video game industry. We then present an algorithmic way to automatically learn these models with sensors logs. We use a simulator that we have developed to validate our approach. Keywords Behavior tree · Machine learning · Visualization · Human activity modeling
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Yannick Francillette [email protected] Bruno Bouchard [email protected] Kévin Bouchard [email protected] Sébastien Gaboury [email protected]
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LIARA, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Saguenay, Canada
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Y. Francillette et al.
1 Introduction The aging of the populations all around the world has an impact that increase the number of people with physical or mental disabilities [59]. Consequently, many of these elderly people suffer from some kind of loss of autonomy. The notion of autonomy can be characterized as the ability of an individual to perform his activity of daily living (ADL). A decreased autonomy is characterized by having difficulties in carrying out common ADLs such as preparing a meal, washing, and dressing [38]. More precisely, when functional abilities are affected, it may prevent the efficient performance of certain important tasks. Therefore, the loss of autonomy can be described as an imbalance between the activities that someone should or would like to carry out and their functional capacities to perform them adequately. At a certain level, there is even a need for constant assistance to the person to ensure its safety and comfort. The main issue related to this reality is that we have limited capacity and capability, as a society, to support all t
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