Modeling the Effect of Combined Electromagnetic Stirring Modes on Macrosegregation in Continuous Casting Blooms
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GREGATION in continuous casting blooms is a key problem that has prevented the wider application of high-quality steel.[1] Many researchers[2–5] have a long-term commitment to reducing macrosegregation. Such investigations help create improved production processes for continuous casting blooms, enabling the manufacture rolled production products free from defects induced by macrosegregation. At present, electromagnetic stirring (EMS)[6] has been shown to be one of the most effective countermeasures
RUI GUAN, CHENG JI, and MIAOYONG ZHU are with the State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P.R. China and with the Key Laboratory for Ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Mineral (Ministry of Education), Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P.R. China and also with the School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, 3-11, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110816, P.R. China. Contact e-mail: [email protected] Manuscript submitted November 3, 2019.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B
to reduce macrosegregation in continuous casting blooms, particularly when a combination of EMS modes is utilized.[7] In the 1950s, Junghans and Schaaber[8] first successfully applied mold electromagnetic stirring (M-EMS) in a continuous casting process. As important successors in this field, Alberny et al.[9] from Institut de Recherches de la Siderurgie Francais (IRSID) and Compagnie Electromecanique (CEM) carried out many experiments on industrial applications, which provided a solid theoretical foundation for the subsequent development of M-EMS. Since the 1980s, many researchers[10–13] have made significant contributions to the physical experiments of M-EMS in continuous casting processes. With the enhancement of computing capabilities, numerical simulations have been increasingly widely used to discover the theoretical mechanism and process parameters of M-EMS. Spitzer et al.[14] presented a three-dimensional model to simulate the effects of different stirring parameters on fluid flow. This model was developed by coupling the continuity equation, the Maxwell equations, and the Navier–Stokes equations. Natarajan and El-Kaddah[15] used a three-dimensional EMS model to investigate the electromagnetic and flow phenomena in continuous casting billets and slabs. The authors of the current study[16] developed a 3D mathematical model by coupling
the electromagnetic field, fluid flow, heat transfer, and inclusion trajectory to research the influence of EMS on the multiphase flow phenomena in round billet continuous casting molds. The results showed that the solidification structure, various surface/internal defects, central carbon segregation, and porosity were improved by M-EMS. Hou et al.[17] used a cellular automaton-finite element coupling model to simulate the solidification structure evolution during M-EMS. The relationship between the compactness degree of the central equiaxed grain zone with different process parameters was shown. Yang et al.[18] devised a model that coupled the magnetic field, flow field, a
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