Modified composite cation exchange membrane with enhanced stability and electrochemical performance
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Modified composite cation exchange membrane with enhanced stability and electrochemical performance Aiman Zehra 1 & Mohammad Mujahid Ali Khan 2 & Rafiuddin 1 Received: 23 June 2020 / Revised: 4 September 2020 / Accepted: 6 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Herein, we elaborated on the feasibility of coupling polyvinyl chloride with tin aluminium molybdophosphate to form composite membranes that facilitate enhanced electro-transport properties. Additionally, the effect of appropriate material selection on attaining excellent stability and selectivity of a membrane was investigated, and the membrane with 25% polymer had the best results in terms of improved ion exchange capacity, water uptake, porosity, membrane potential, and chemical and thermal stabilities. The electrochemical properties of the membrane that had the most stable polymer ratio were evaluated according to the membrane potential and fixed charge density measurements using different 1:1 ratios of electrolytes with various concentrations (1 M to 0.01 M). The membrane potential, transport number, and mobility ratio of the electrolytes from the highest to lowest were NaCl > KCl > NaNO3 > KNO3.The measured membrane potentials closely agreed with the theoretical predictions from a mathematical model called the Toerell, Maeyer, and Siever (TMS) model, confirming efficiency and selectivity. Keywords Sol gel method . Cation exchange composite membrane . Membrane potential . TMS equation . Fixed charge density
Introduction Increasing demand for clean freshwater for use by humans and ecosystems is emerging as a leading global priority. Water scarcity and the lack of access to potable water due to industrialisation, increasing population and climate change threatens the quality and quantity of water, which leads to human health concerns [1]. Industrial wastewater, which consists of harmful and disastrous wastes and chemicals, contaminants from waterborne pathogens, discharge of heavy metals, and agricultural waste, is a key cause of the global reduction in available freshwater [2]. This wastewater needs to be treated before being discharged to water bodies. To tackle global water shortages and improve and maintain an adequate supply of clean freshwater, membrane technology has been
* Rafiuddin [email protected] 1
Membrane Research Laboratory, Department of chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
2
Applied Science and Humanities Section, University Polytechnic, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
recognised as the most promising tool due to its efficiency, speed, and low cost compared with conventional separation and purification techniques [3]. In this context, ion exchange membranes are considered to be among the most useful purification techniques and have applications in various fields, including the desalination of brackish and sea water, removal of toxic metals from industrial effluents, recovery of valuab
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