Modular System Design and Evaluation
This book examines seven key combinatorial engineering frameworks (composite schemes consisting of algorithms and/or interactive procedures) for hierarchical modular (composite) systems. These frameworks are based on combinatorial optimization problems (e
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Mark Sh. Levin
Modular System Design and Evaluation
Decision Engineering Series editor Rajkumar Roy, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, UK
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/5112
Mark Sh. Levin
Modular System Design and Evaluation
123
Mark Sh. Levin Institute for Information Transmission Problems (Kharkevich Institute) Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia
ISSN 1619-5736 ISBN 978-3-319-09875-3 DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-09876-0
ISSN 2197-6589 (electronic) ISBN 978-3-319-09876-0 (eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2014947140 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
The book is dedicated to my lecturers and advisors: (a) Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics (BS and MS program, 1965–1970, Radio Engineering); (b) Lomonosov Moscow State University (MS program, 1971–1975, Mathematics); (c) Lomonosov Moscow State University (Ph.D. program, 1977–1981, Mathematics and Computers in Management)
Preface
The frame approach for representing knowledge (i.e., collection of frames are linked together into frame-system) has been suggested by Marvin Minsky. In this approach, the frame corresponds to a
