Monetary losses caused by the absence of packaging reverse logistics: environmental and economic impacts
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Monetary losses caused by the absence of packaging reverse logistics: environmental and economic impacts Fernanda Olivo1 · Mário Cesar Junqueira1,2 · Matheus Barros Furlan1 · Priscilla Azambuja Justi1 · Priscila de Morais Lima1,3 Received: 21 December 2019 / Accepted: 31 May 2020 © Springer Japan KK, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Reverse logistics systems are one of the instruments brought by the Brazilian National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS), to improve waste management in the country. Packaging materials play a big part on waste generation and present a high recovery potential. In 2017, after 7 years of the PNRS’ issue, the Public Ministry of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul funded a project to valuate the monetary losses due to the absence of packaging reverse logistics systems in the state. Packaging waste generation, collection and final disposal were estimated to assess the monetary losses to the environment and the public coffers. The results show a total monetary environmental loss of $ 2,961,089.50 and a total loss to the public funds of $ 21,779,781.89. Paper and cardboard presented the highest representativeness of all packaging sectors, followed by plastics. The findings show that the monetary losses are high and should be minimized as it impacts the entire local population. Keywords Waste management · Sustainability · Recovery · Public budget · Environment
Introduction The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, held in 1992 in the city of Rio de Janeiro, became known worldwide as Rio-92 or Eco-92, incorporated priorities for sustainable management of solid waste worldwide, which represented a change in paradigms that guided the actions of governments, society and industry [1]. Abramovay et al. [2] argue that the intensity of solid waste generation Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-020-01070-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Fernanda Olivo [email protected] * Priscila de Morais Lima [email protected] 1
Deméter Engenharia (DMTR), Rua Cláudia, 239, Campo Grande, MS CEP 79022‑070, Brazil
2
Faculdade de Engenharia, Arquitetura e Urbanismo e Engenharia, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS 79070‑900, Brazil
3
Programa de Pós‑Graduação em Desenvolvimento Local, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Av. Tamandaré, 6000, Jardim Seminário, Campo Grande, MS 79117‑900, Brazil
in economic activities, which can be characterized between the growth of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and the volume of waste generated, increased in low and middle income countries and decreased in countries of high income. There is an expectation that the generation of solid waste will more than double in the next 20 years in low-income countries, and the cost for solid waste management will increase by more than five times [3]. Thus, many low- and middle-income countries face the challenge of reversing the prevailing logistics and in
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