Monitoring the adaptive cell response to hyperosmotic stress by organic devices
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Research Letter
Monitoring the adaptive cell response to hyperosmotic stress by organic devices Pasquale D’Angelo, Giuseppe Tarabella*, Agostino Romeo**, and Angela Giodice†, Institute of Materials for Electronics and Magnetism, National Research Council, P.co Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124 Parma, Italy Simone Marasso, and Matteo Cocuzza, Institute of Materials for Electronics and Magnetism, National Research Council, P.co Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy Francesca Ravanetti, and Antonio Cacchioli, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Parma, Via del Taglio, 10, 43126 Parma, Italy Pier Giorgio Petronini, Unit of Experimental Oncology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Plesso Biotecnologico Integrato, Via Volturno, 39—Palazzina D 10 piano, 43125 Parma, Italy Salvatore Iannotta, Institute of Materials for Electronics and Magnetism, National Research Council, P.co Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124 Parma, Italy Address all correspondence to Pasquale D’Angelo at [email protected] (Received 25 January 2017; accepted 25 April 2017)
Abstract Cellular activity upon osmotic stress is related to the occurrence of several disease conditions. The real-time monitoring of the cell response to this kind of stress can give insight into the comprehension of mechanisms involved in cellular shrinkage. Currently the dynamics of the osmotic stress is studied using dedicated and tricky methodologies, not suited to the in vivo testing. We show that a disposable electronic device is very effective for studying the early stage of the osmotic stress induced on human lung adenocarcinoma cells, A549, by a hyperosmotic environment. Our findings corroborate the experimental results obtained by a standard complementary analysis.
Introduction In the last two decades, worldwide researchers have designed and tested several types of electronic devices based on conducting polymers (CPs).[1] Some of these devices meet the demanding requirements of Organic Bioelectronics. The rise of this branch funds, in fact, on some intrinsic features of CPs, such as their mixed ionic/electronic conduction, their proven biocompatibility or their attitude to be functionalized with biomolecular side-groups, in order to impart enhanced functionalities. These features promote the CP-based thin films as the natural interface with the “biologic world”,[2] hence allowing the development of analytical devices with a broad range of bioapplications such as biosensing[3,4] and the monitoring of biologic events,[5,6] or medical devices such as point of care platforms[7] and diagnostic tools.[8] Recently, a special attention has been paid to a peculiar class of transistors, i.e., the organic electro-chemical transistors (OECTs). Although the main interest on OECTs relies on their unprecedented performances as sensors of a large variety of (bio) analytes (e.g., metallic cations,[9] micrometer-sized
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