Monotonic and cyclic characteristics of K 0 -Consolidated saturated soft clay under a stress path involving a variable c
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RESEARCH PAPER
Monotonic and cyclic characteristics of K0-Consolidated saturated soft clay under a stress path involving a variable confining pressure Jun Wang1,2,3 • Lei Wu1,2,3 • Yuanqiang Cai4 • Lin Guo1,2,3 Junfeng Ni6 • Ziyang Gao6
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Yunguo Du5 • Changfei Gou5
•
Received: 18 July 2019 / Accepted: 13 July 2020 Ó Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In certain field conditions such as offshore projects under wave loads or embankments under traffic loads, both the vertical and horizontal stresses are variable. However, previous investigations rarely considered the variation in horizontal stress. To better understand the characteristics of natural saturated soft clay, a series of monotonic and cyclic triaxial tests with a K0-consolidation state were carried out under a variable confining pressure (VCP) stress path. The development of axial strain, pore water pressure and effective stress path is analysed. The results show that with the increase in g (the ratio of the variation in the mean effective principal stress to that of the deviatoric stress), the undrained shear strength (qf) decreases continuously. The pore water pressure generation is slightly improved under a stress path with increasing confining pressure. Based on the test results, a unified formula was established to predict the pore water pressure under VCP stress paths. The unique p–q–e relationship of normally consolidated clay in monotonic VCP triaxial tests was also demonstrated. Under VCP stress paths, the amplitude of the pore pressure increases, and the effective stress path tilts more sharply to the right. Moreover, a unified formula was established that can provide a good reference for predicting effective stress paths under cyclic VCP triaxial tests. Keywords K0-consolidation Soft clay Triaxial test Variable confining pressure
1 Introduction
& Lin Guo [email protected] 1
College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Wenzhou University, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou 325035, China
2
Key Laboratory of Engineering and Technology for Soft Soil Foundation and Tideland Reclamation of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
3
Innovation Centre of Tideland Reclamation and Ecological Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
4
Department of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
5
Wenzhou Mass Transit Railway Investment Group Co., LTD, Wenzhou 325035, People’s Republic of China
6
Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Saga University, Saga, Japan
Natural soft clay is widely distributed in the coastal areas of China, and many projects, such as highways, railways and airport runways, have been built on this kind of soil foundation. Both the vertical and horizontal stresses vary in many actual engineering projects, such as offshore projects under wave loads or embankments under traffic loads [2]. It is very difficult to precisely predict deformation because the variation in only the ver
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