Monthly fluctuations in 25-hydroxy-vitamin D levels in day and rotating night shift hospital workers
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Monthly fluctuations in 25‑hydroxy‑vitamin D levels in day and rotating night shift hospital workers S. Rizza1 · A. Pietroiusti2 · A. Farcomeni3 · G. G. Mina2 · M. Caruso2 · M. Virgilio2 · A. Magrini2 · M. Federici1 · L. Coppeta2 Received: 20 March 2020 / Accepted: 17 April 2020 © Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE) 2020
Abstract Purpose Epidemiological studies have suggested that indoor hospital employees, either day or night shift workers, are at high risk of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Interestingly, previous reports have also described a higher prevalence of vitamin D (25OHD) deficiency among these workers. However, few studies have determined the monthly variations in 25OHD levels in indoor hospital employees. Methods To address this lack of knowledge, in 2018, during the periodic health surveillance checks at the Service of Occupational Medicine, we measured 25OHD levels in a group of indoor hospital workers (88 rotating night shift workers vs 200 day workers). Each participant received a single annual health surveillance check. Results The mean levels of 25OHD were consistently below the lower limit of the normal range in both groups throughout the year. Only in the summer, day workers but not rotating night shift workers (mean 25.9 ± 11.3 ng/ml vs 23.1 ± 9.1 ng/ml; p = 0.042) showed levels significantly higher than those in the other seasons. This difference remained statistically significant even after correction for study covariates [β = − 1.649 (CI − 0.283/− 3.482), p = 0.039]. A cosinor analysis confirmed that the difference in the 25OHD levels between groups was present later in the year. Conclusions We found that relatively young healthy hospital workers, especially those with rotating night shifts, in the absence of significant metabolic risk factors, have a high risk of 25OHD deficiency/insufficiency. Because 25OHD deficiency may lead to a progression to more severe conditions such as osteoporosis or bone fractures, our results should be verified in larger cohorts including different ancestries. Keywords Vitamin D deficiency · Night shift work · Osteoporosis
Introduction The vitamin 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25OHD) plays a critical role in the maintenance of normal blood levels of calcium and phosphorous [1], and therefore is crucial for bone health and many other biological processes [2]. Approximately 99% of 25OHD is transported in the circulation bound to binding proteins, mostly to Vit D binding protein (DBP) and, * S. Rizza [email protected] 1
Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
2
Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
3
Department of Economics and Finance, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
to a lesser extent, albumin. Although the cellular passive diffusion process can account for many of the biological effects of Vit D, some experimental evidences suggest that there are alternative pathways by which Vit D can b
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