More than Boosting - The Turbocharger with Electric Machine
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re than Boosting – The Turbocharger with Electric Machine Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden) is investigating the requirements, possibilities and technical implementation of energy recovery by electrical machines in charging systems such as electrically assisted and electrically driven turbochargers. This article is to show which potential can be tapped in addition to the known increase in dynamics by actively influencing the energy flows at the turbocharger.
AUTHORS
Dr.-Ing. Ronny Werner is a member of staff at the Chair of Internal Combustion Engines and Drive Train Systems at the TU Dresden (Germany).
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Dr.-Ing. Tilo Roß is a member of staff at the Chair of Internal Combustion Engines and Drive Train Systems at the TU Dresden (Germany).
Dipl.-Ing. Matthias Stiegler is a member of staff at the Chair of Internal Combustion Engines and Drive Train Systems at the TU Dresden (Germany).
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Frank Atzler is Head of the Chair of Internal Combustion Engines and Drive Systems at the TU Dresden (Germany).
© TU Dresden | LVAS
STATE OF THE ART
The electrification of the combustion engine offers considerable potential to achieve CO2 and emission targets. For this, new technologies and operating strategies are required which, in addition to the necessary progress in efficiency and emissions, also meet the requirements of driving dynamics. In addition to optimized combustion processes, variable valve timing has become established as a technology for reducing fuel consumption. Here the Miller cycle presents new challenges for turbocharging systems. The use of a singlestage turbocharging system with a waste gate or VTG turbocharger can currently only be considered a compromise solution between high launch torque and Low-end Torque (LET) on the one hand and higher rated output on the other. The most established approach to improve this is the transition toward multi-stage turbocharging systems in a various forms, such as two-stage controlled exhaust gas turbocharging (serial), sequential exhaust gas turbocharging (parallel) [1] or the use of additional compressors [2]. In all cases, the higher torque in the LET range and/or the higher nominal performance requires additional components, greater installation volume and causes significantly higher cost. MTZ worldwide 10|2020
An alternative approach was presented in 1997 [3]. It was already clear at that time that coupling an electric engine (2.5 kW) to an exhaust gas tur bocharger (electrically supported turbocharger, eTC) can be used not only to drive the TC but also as a generator. A comprehensive overview of the development status of suitable electric machines is provided in [4]. It can be concluded from its contents that Induction Machines (IM) and Permanent Magnet (PM) machines are the most suitable for use with turbochargers. Generally, it is possible to integrate the electric drive on the compressor side, between compressor and turbine wheel, or on the turbine side. In 2013, G+L Innotec introduced a system with electric drive at the co
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