Morinda citrifolia (Noni) leaf extract as corrosion inhibitor for steel-reinforced concrete in saline environment
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Morinda citrifolia (Noni) leaf extract as corrosion inhibitor for steel‑reinforced concrete in saline environment R. A. Limco1,2 · H. P. Bacosa3 · A. A. Lubguban4 · J. S. Buluran5 Received: 5 August 2019 / Revised: 20 May 2020 / Accepted: 2 June 2020 © Islamic Azad University (IAU) 2020
Abstract This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Morinda citrifolia (Noni) leaf extract as corrosion inhibitor for steelreinforced concrete exposed to saline environment. Chloride ingress in concrete structures exposed to saline environment that leads to corrosion of steel reinforcement is prevalent in many countries including the Philippines. The use of toxic organic and inorganic compounds as corrosion inhibitors is regulated in many countries due to detrimental effects on the environment. Thus, the development of green and eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor alternatives such as those derived from biodegradable plant materials is necessary. This study hypothesized that a sample concrete amended with Noni leaf extract (0.08, 0.17, 0.25, 0.33, and 0.42%) is better than ordinary Portland concrete cement as control (0%). Compression testing, colorimetric method, and steel reinforcement corrosion testing were used to measure the compressive strength, chloride penetration resistance, and corrosion rates, respectively. Results revealed that the application of > 0.33% Noni leaf extract improved the chloride penetration resistance of the concrete by 30–33% and reduced the corrosion rate on steel reinforcement by 57–59% without affecting the compressive strength of the concrete. Noni leaf extract concentration of 0.42% exhibited combined optimum compressive strength improvement, chloride penetration resistance, and corrosion inhibition. These results show that Noni leaf extract > 0.33% can protect the steel-reinforced concrete structure against corrosion in 3% sodium chloride test media under laboratory condition. This is the first report of using Noni leaf extract admixed in concrete for the protection of steel reinforcement against corrosion. Keywords Chloride penetration · Compressive strength · Corrosion inhibition · Green corrosion inhibitor · Morinda citrifolia
Introduction
Editorial responsibility: M. Abbaspour. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-020-02795-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * R. A. Limco [email protected] 1
Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, Western Philippines University, Aborlan, Palawan, Philippines
2
School of Graduate Studies, Mapúa University, Intramuros, Manila, Philippines
3
School of Engineering and Computing Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX, USA
The Philippine archipelago is surrounded by sea and is one of the countries with the longest coastline. Steel-reinforced concrete structures along the coastal areas and within the islands’ municipalities ar
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