Moscow State University Activities on Research of Space Environment Effect on Materials
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Moscow State University Activities on Research of Space Environment Effect on Materials Lev S. Novikov Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, Vorob’evy Gory, 119992 Moscow, Russian Federation ABSTRACT Main areas of Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics Moscow State University activities in study of space environment effect on materials are following: effect of space radiation on spacecraft materials and equipment elements, spacecraft charging in space plasma in various orbits, influence of atomic oxygen flux on materials in LEO, surface erosion and destruction under impact of micrometeoroids and small particles of space debris. The methods of computer and laboratory modeling used are described. Results of the researches are presented, as far as some experiments onboard the MIR station and ISS are described. Principle problems for contemporary and future research are proposed for discussion. Principle problems for contemporary and future research are proposed for discussion. INTRODUCTION Effect of space environment on materials and spacecraft (SC) equipment is one of the main reasons of occurrence of the SC onboard systems failures and reduction of the SC life time. The problem of increase of the SC materials and equipment resistance to the environment effect has especially become actual last years in connection with the requirement of significant growth of the SC life time, wide use of no-hermetic SC designs, use of the high-sensitivity onboard equipment etc. Development of new materials with necessary mechanical, electrophysical and optical properties which are kept stable at long operation in the space environment effect condition, and introduction of ones into space technology play the important role in the solution of the problem above. Thus it is necessary to consider opportunities of use in the space technology of the advanced materials, such as nanomaterials and intellectual materials. In the report, results of studies in the field held in Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics Moscow State University (SINP MSU) are presented. The most important methods of computer and laboratory modeling of the space environment effect on the SC materials and equipment elements are described, data on the laboratory equipment are given, and some research results are presented. The experience gained has enabled to formulate the most important problems of modern and perspective studies. EFFECT OF SPACE RADIATION ON SPACECRAFT MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT ELEMENTS General principles of the space radiation effects study The scheme of study of the space radiation environment effects on the spacecraft materials and devices is presented in fig. 1. As it has been marked above, The scheme of the organization of researches can be used for consideration of all other space factors effect on materials.
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Figure 1. The scheme of organization of the space radiation effects study The starting points for problem setting and choice of the study methods are: • models and standards of space radiation (1
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