Multifunctional holographic gratings for simultaneous coupling and beam splitting applications in photonic integrated ci

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Multifunctional holographic gratings for simultaneous coupling and beam splitting applications in photonic integrated circuits Asesh Kumar Tripathy1



Sukanta Kumar Tripathy2 • Susanta Kumar Das1

Received: 2 December 2019 / Accepted: 11 October 2020 Ó Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management 2020

Abstract A novel holographic grating for simultaneous coupling of power and optical beam splitting application is designed. The proposed design incorporates two identical holo-gratings separated by a distance D. A microscopic object such as micro-sphere or micro-ring is introduced in between these two gratings at a distance D2 and a Gaussian signal is allowed to pass through the first holo-grating which emerges out of the second one. With the proposed design eleven different splitting ratios could be achieved successfully by varying dimension of microscopic objects and the orientations of holo-gratings with respect to plane of incidence. For coupling applications the simulation of the proposed design shows 100% Transmission Efficiency (TE). This leads to an immense flexibility for the use of proposed model in Photonic Integrated Circuits. We demonstrate the possibility of such a multi-functional Holographic device with the aid of Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) simulations. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first investigation where simultaneous beam splitting and coupling applications are realized in a holographic optical element.

& Asesh Kumar Tripathy [email protected] Sukanta Kumar Tripathy [email protected] Susanta Kumar Das [email protected] 1

PG Department of Computer Science, Berhampur University, Berhampur, Odisha, India

2

PG Department of Physics, Berhampur University, Berhampur, Odisha, India

Keywords Holographic gratings  Photonic integrated circuits  Coupler  Beam splitter

1 Introduction Photonic integrated circuits (PIC) is the umbrella term for technologies which integrated many optical functions on the surface of a chip. This comprises multiple material systems based on polymers, metals, dielectrics and semiconductors [1] [2]. PICs for optical communication applications can integrate many types of functionalities, mainly optical passive waveguiding, optical amplification (gain), signal generation (amplitude or phase modulation), or photodetection. Today’s optoelectronic chips have shown a trend in increase of size, complexity and density. With this trend the chips have also shown maturity of InP processing which is a key element to reach an acceptable yield. So the researchers are inclined towards this field [3]. Holography is an encouraging technique for power coupling applications in the frequency range of short millimeter and submillimeter waves. It was shown that grating couplers can implement both incoupling and beam splitting functions [4]. Thus it reduces the need for waveguide components such as splitters and lenses. For coupling light from a fiber into waveguide or vice-versa is done through a grat

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