Multifunctional Hyper-Structured Molecules
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synthesize molecular systems which mimic the biological systems. Even though we can control the primary structures and tacticities of polypeptides by synthetic chemistry, there is a large gap between molecular design and three-dimensional (3-D) functional structures, as illustrated in Figure 1. Organic molecules can order themselves and condense to form higher structures in a specific manner. While the opto-electronic properties of the condensed state can be derived from those of the isolated molecules, the organization of molecules also effects the properties of the condensed state. Therefore we have to incorporate not only the organizing parameters but also opto-electronic functions into the molecular building blocks in order to construct a functional 3D structure. Taking these ideas into account, we have utilized not a point-like molecule but oligomers which offer more flexibility to build the 3-D functional structure. To fill this gap between molecular design and the architecture of 3-D functional structures, we propose hyper-structured molecules (HSMs) in which molecules themselves have well-defined and specific structures [1,2]. In other words, the molecular design of HSMs is directly related to the realization of the specific 3-D structure without molecular architecture. Furthermore, functions in the molecular level can be expected in HSMs based on their specific 3-D structure as molecules with "topologically well-defined structure". HSMs have at least more than two molecular units which must be coordinated or organized for particular purposes to create a specific structure using various bond arrangements including covalent bonds.
255 Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. Vol. 488 ©1998 Materials Research Society
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One of the most interesting and important features in the dendrimer structure is based on their divergent structure, that is, the number of nodes increases depending on the generation as shown in Figure 2. In contrast to linear chain oligomers, the large number of terminal positions can be obtained. By introducing electroactive groups into the terminal positions of dendrimers, we can modify the total features of these dendrimers chemically and physically. While there is a structural freedom in linear chain oligomers, molecular shape of dendrimers can be controlled by the structure of the spacer units and the generation. Using rigid s
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