Multimodality Imaging of Aortic Disease
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(2020) 22:34
Imaging (Q Truong, Section Editor)
Multimodality Imaging of Aortic Disease Ozan Unlu, M.D.1,* Parmanand Singh, M.D.2,* Address *,1 Department of Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th Street, Room M5-532, New York, NY, 10065, USA Email: [email protected] *,2 Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA Email: [email protected]
* Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
This article is part of the Topical Collection on Imaging Keywords Aortic disease I Aortic aneurysm I Echocardiogram I Computerized tomography I Magnetic resonance imaging
Abstract Purpose of review Patients with aortic disease should have regular imaging surveillance. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of the etiologies of aortic disease as well as provide information on available imaging modalities including ones that are under investigation. Recent findings As routine imaging is required for surveillance of aortic disease, many concerns come up including cumulative radiation and contrast exposure, as well as limitations, availability, and cost of imaging modalities. Novel hybrid imaging modalities hold promise for the prediction of complications related to aortic disease. Summary A variety of etiologies can lead to aortic disease which can cause fatal complications if not monitored regularly and intervened when appropriate. Therefore, routine imaging surveillance is critical in patients with aortic disease, especially in high-risk groups. Understanding of advantages and limitations of each imaging technique is important in choosing the right modality.
Introduction Aortic diseases include aneurysms and dilation of aortic root, thoracic aorta, and abdominal aorta, and it can lead to a multitude of complications such as dissection, rupture, and valvular regurgitation [1–4]. A variety of etiologies were defined for aortic disease. These etiologies include genetic disorders such as Marfan syndrome, bicuspid aortic valve, Ehler-Danlos syndromes, and non-
genetic disorders such as hypertension, infections, and idiopathic [1, 3, 4]. Given risk of complications and variety of etiologies, imaging modalities are of great importance for monitoring aortic disease. We have reviewed various etiologies as well as traditional and novel imaging modalities that are employed for detection and surveillance of aortic disease.
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(2020) 22:34
Overview of aortic disorders Aortic disease can develop as a result of various etiologies such as Marfan syndrome, bicuspid aortic valve, Loeys-Dietz, Ehler-Danlos, idiopathic, hypertension, infectious, and inflammatory [1, 3, 4].
Etiologies of aortic disease Marfan syndrome Marfan syndrome is one of the most common hereditary disorders of connective tissue and considered to be the prototype genetic condition that causes aortic disease [5]. It classically involves cardiovascular system, and it is the most common genet
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