Multiplicity dependence of shear viscosity, isothermal compressibility and speed of sound in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s}
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Regular Article -Theoretical Physics
Multiplicity dependence of shear viscosity, isothermal √ compressibility and speed of sound in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV Dushmanta Sahu1 , Sushanta Tripathy1,3 , Raghunath Sahoo1,a , Archita Rani Dash2 1
Discipline of Physics, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore 453552, India Department of Physics, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India 3 Present address:Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM, Deleg. Coyoacán, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
2
Received: 11 June 2020 / Accepted: 8 July 2020 © Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020 Communicated by Tamas Biro
Abstract In order to understand the detailed dynamics of systems produced in pp collisions, it is essential to know about the Equation of State (EoS) and various thermodynamic properties. In this work, we study the shear viscosity to entropy density ratio, isothermal compressibility and speed of sound of the system by considering a differential freezeout scenario. We have used a thermodynamically consistent Tsallis non-extensive statistics to have a better explanation for the dynamics of pp collision systems. While the shear viscosity to entropy density ratio provides information about the measure of fluidity of a system formed in high energy collisions, the isothermal compressibility gives a clear idea about the deviation of the system from a perfect fluid. The speed of sound in the system as a function of d Nch /dη gives us a vivid picture of the dynamics of the system. The results show quite an intuitive perspective on high-multiplicity pp collisions and give us a limit of d Nch /dη (10–20), after which a change in the dynamics of the system may be observed.
1 Introduction Ultra-relativistic collisions of protons and heavy-ions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, Switzerland, have been instrumental in understanding the sublime nature of the microscopic world at very high energies. One of the most astounding facets of the microscopic realm is a relatively new state of matter called Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP), which is expected to be formed in such collisions. QGP has partons (quarks and gluons) as the degrees of freedom, and exists at very high temperature and/or baryon density. Earlier, it was believed that there wouldn’t be any QGP formation in pp collisions. However, recent studies indicate possible formaa e-mail:
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tion of QGP droplets in high multiplicity pp collisions [1–3]. Such reasons compel us to study high energy pp collisions with ever-increasing interest. Understanding the behavior of matter in the hadronic phase of these type of collisions, and having the knowledge about various thermodynamical quantities involved is very useful. The coefficient of shear viscosity to entropy density ratio (η/s), isothermal compressibility (κT ) and speed of sound (cs ) are such thermodynamic quantities that te
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