Mycobacterium vaccae Lysate Induces Anti-Allergic Immune Response In Vitro
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e Lysate Induces Anti-Allergic Immune Response In Vitro
A. V. Strygin1,2, P. P. Nesmiyanov3,4, V. I. Petrov1,2, B. E. Tolkachev1,2, E. I. Morkovin1,2, M. V. Gutov5, and A. O. Strygina1,2 Translated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 170, No. 8, pp. 196-200, August, 2020 Original article submitted December 19, 2019 Mycobacterium vaccae is a soil saprophyte which exerts anti-allergic properties. There are data that mechanism of action of M. vaccae when used in the treatment of human and animal allergic diseases is associated with Th1-phenotype switch. Here we studied the properties of sonicated M. vaccae lysate in co-cultures of dendritic cells and CD4+T cells. M. vaccae lysate stimulated IL-10 synthesis in co-cultures and CD86 expression in dendritic cells, being more potent than heat-killed M. vaccae. The reported clinical data and the mechanism of action of M. vaccae lysate suggest that its use is a feasible option for the primary prevention of allergic diseases, in particular atopic dermatitis. Key Words: atopic dermatitis; cytokines; dendritic cells; mycobacterium; bacterial lysates Increasing knowledge of human microbiota has led to understanding of the possibilities of its correction in various conditions, including allergic diseases, by probiotics and even transplantation of skin microbiota [11]. However, despite possible effectiveness of probiotics, challenges arise with their standardization and viability. In addition, there are risks of infection associated with probiotic bacteria and creation of a reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes. Unlike living microorganisms, bacterial lysates do not have these disadvantages. Studies of probiotic activity in allergic diseases are usually focused on the use of lactobacilli and/or bifidobacterial; lysates of these bacteria were shown to improve the functions of tight junctions in skin keratinocytes in atopic dermatitis, which is mediated by interaction with innate immunity receptors such as TLR2. Approved lysates of pathogenic microorVolgograd State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Volgograd, Russia; 2Volgograd Medical Research Center, Volgograd, Russia; 3University Clinic of Medical Research and Educational Centre, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; 4V. A. Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; 5Children’s Municipal Outpatient Clinic No. 86, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia. Address for correspondence: [email protected]. A. V. Strygin 1
ganisms have also been studied in allergy. Studies are mostly focused on the treatment, but not on the prevention of allergic diseases and do not demonstrate significant success. Failures in application of marketed probiotics and lysates are likely due to their inability to provide proper stimulation of dendritic cells (DC), synthesis of IL-10, and production of Th1 cells, which is the key strategy in the prevention of atopy [13]. This explains the lack of proven effects of probiotics in allerg
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