Naming, Addressing and Routing
In the previous chapters of this book, we have implicitly assumed that the sender of a message knows the identification of its intended receiver, and that the service which the sender uses to pass the message knows not only the location of the destination
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Robin Sharp
Principles of Protocol Design
ABC
Robin Sharp Technical University of Denmark Informatics & Mathematical Modelling Richard Petersens Plads Bldg. 321 2800 Kongens Lyngby Denmark
ISBN: 978-3-540-77540-9
e-ISBN: 978-3-540-77541-6
Library of Congress Control Number: 2007943145 Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): C.2.2, C.2.4 © 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: K¨unkelLopka Printed on acid-free paper 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 springer.com
Preface
This book introduces the reader to the principles used in the construction of a large range of modern data communication protocols. The approach we take is rather a formal one, primarily based on descriptions of protocols in the notation of CSP. This not only enables us to describe protocols in a concise manner, but also to reason about many of their interesting properties and formally to prove certain aspects of their correctness with respect to appropriate specifications. Only after considering the main principles do we go on to consider actual protocols where these principles are exploited. This is a completely new edition of a book which was first published in 1994, where the main focus of many international efforts to develop data communication systems was on OSI – Open Systems Interconnection – the standardised architecture for communication systems developed within the International Organisation for Standardization, ISO. In the intervening 13 years, many of the specific protocols developed as part of the OSI initiative have fallen into disuse. However, the terms and concepts introduced in the OSI Reference Model are still essential for a systematic and consistent analysis of data communication systems, and OSI terms are therefore used throughout. There are three significant changes in this second edition of the book which particularly reflect recent developments in computer networks and distributed systems. Firstly, the rise of the Internet has led to the development of large numbers of new protocols, particularly in the Application Layer, and a new chapter has been introduced focussing on some of the most important of these. These new protocols typically use new styles of encoding, particularl
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