Nanodiamond-Triggered Organization in Fibers of PANI Nanocomposites Produced by Chemical and Electrochemical Routes: Str
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Nanodiamond-Triggered Organization in Fibers of PANI Nanocomposites Produced by Chemical and Electrochemical Routes: Structural Features and Functional characterizations Emanuela Tamburri1, Valeria Guglielmotti1, Silvia Orlanducci1, Maria Letizia Terranova1, Daniele Passeri2, Marco Rossi2, Daniela Sordi1,3 1
Dip.to Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche – MinimaLab, Università degli Studi di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Roma, Italy 2 Dip.to di Scienze di Base e Applicate per l’Ingegneria (BASE) – Centro di Ricerca per le Nanotecnologie Applicate all'Ingegneria (CNIS), Università degli Studi di Roma “Sapienza”, Via A. Scarpa, 00161 Roma, Italy 3 Dept. of Biotechnology, Biocatalysis and Organic Chemistry, University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, Netherlands
ABSTRACT We present some recent results of a systematic study regarding polyaniline-based nanocomposites with detonation nanodiamond as guest component. The peculiar properties of such crystalline nanomaterial not only help in improving the mechanical and thermal properties of the host polymeric matrix, but also influence polymerization mechanism, modifying the morphological features of the polymers. Induced by the nanodiamond presence, the final nanocomposites show a prominent arrangement of polymer segments into tubular forms and a subsequent structural organization suitable for many technological applications. INTRODUCTION Polyaniline (PANI) is one of the most representative members of the class of conducting polymers and an outstanding example of functional materials showing a variety of highly specific and desirable physicochemical properties [1]. The intrinsic difficulties faced when processing these exciting materials have led to decades of work aimed at the identification of suitable fillers for the fabrication of conducting polymers-based composites. Taking advantage of the development of nanotechnology and of the feasibility to insert nanostructured species inside polymeric matrices, a series of highly sophisticated applications were proposed and realized. Nanocomposites based on conductive PANI are presently manufactured for a variety of applications ranging from sensing and catalysis to energy conversion and storage. With the aim to produce PANI based nanocomposites where the guest nanoparticles not only behave as a filler able to improve some functional properties of the material, but act modifying the structural organization of the host polymer matrix, we have focused our attention on nanoscale diamonds (ND). ND are single crystallites of diamond, with diameters in the 4-5 nm range, which are currently produced in large amounts and proposed for a number of interesting applications in nanotechnologies [2]. The choice of this novel nanocrystalline carbon as filler was also made in order to utilize the advantages offered by size specificity and catalytic properties of ND. In fact the nanodiamond powers, dispersed in the reaction environment, act as seeds for the chemical and the electrochemical polymerization of the
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