Nanoparticles in Medical Imaging

Research output in the area of medical and molecular imaging has grown exponentially in the last decade. A key driver of this endeavour stems from the insight that a much more detailed understanding of the biological basis of disease and the body’s intera

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ntals of Pharmaceutical Nanoscience

Fundamentals of Pharmaceutical Nanoscience

Ijeoma F. Uchegbu • Andreas G. Schätzlein Woei Ping Cheng • Aikaterini Lalatsa Editors

Fundamentals of Pharmaceutical Nanoscience

Editors Ijeoma F. Uchegbu UCL School of Pharmacy University College London London, UK Woei Ping Cheng Bexleyheath Hatfield, UK

Andreas G. Schätzlein UCL School of Pharmacy University College London London, UK Aikaterini Lalatsa School of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences University of Portsmouth Portsmouth, UK

ISBN 978-1-4614-9163-7 ISBN 978-1-4614-9164-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-9164-4 Springer New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2013953324 © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013 Chapter 21 is published with kind permission of © Gregor Cevc 2013. All rights reserved This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Preface

Comments on the Early History of the Controlled Drug Delivery Field, and the Development of “Nanopharmaceuticals” The field of drug delivery is as old as man. Ancient man chewed natural products, or cooked them in water and drank their extracts, all to alleviate a variety of pains or other body problems. On the other hand, the field of controlled drug delivery systems (DDS) really began