Nanostructured Materials for Electrochemical Energy Production and Storage
The key problem facing new energy conversion and storage technologies remains device efficiency. Designs based on nanostructured materials can yield improved performance in devices employing electrochemical reactions and heterogeneous catalysis such as ba
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Nanostructure Science and Technology Series Editor: David J. Lockwood, FRSC National Research Council of Canada Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
For other titles published in this series, go to www.springer.com/series/6331
Edson Roberto Leite Editor
Nanostructured Materials for Electrochemical Energy Production and Storage
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Edson Roberto Leite Universidade Federal de S˜ao Carlos Centro de Ciˆencias Exatas e de Tecnologia Caixa Postal 676 S˜ao Carlos-SP Brazil [email protected]
Series Editor David J. Lockwood National Research Council of Canada Ottawa, Ontario Canada
ISBN: 978-0-387-49322-0 e-ISBN: 978-0-387-49323-7 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-49323-7 Library of Congress Control Number: 2008 941657 c Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2009 ° All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper springer.com
Preface
The major problem facing new energy conversion and storage technologies remains device efficiency. Projects based on nanostructured materials can yield improved performance in devices involving electrochemical reactions and heterogeneous catalysis, such as fuel and solar cells, batteries, etc. Nanoscale structures dramatically alter the surface reaction rates and electrical transport throughout the material, causing a dramatic improvement in energy storage, conversion, and generation. Furthermore, the design of nanoscale materials to be applied in alternative energy devices is a predictable way to develop a wide range of new technologies for a more sustainable future. Therefore, the goal of this book is to present basic fundamentals and the most relevant properties of nanostructured materials in order to improve alternative energy devices. This book begins with a chapter by Gr¨atzel summarizing the use of mesoscopic thin films and hybrid materials in the development of new kinds of regenerative photoelectrochemical devices. Applications include high-efficiency solar cells. In chapter two, Ribeiro and Leite describe assembly and properties of nanoparticles. The chapter presents a review on the properties and main features of nanoscale materials, emphasizing the dependence of key properties on size for energy purposes. A general description is also given of nanoparticle synthesization methods (mainly oxides), focusing on advances in tailoring controlled shape nanostructures. Bueno and Gabrielli present the basic
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