Neural correlates of aversive anticipation: An activation likelihood estimate meta-analysis across multiple sensory moda

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Neural correlates of aversive anticipation: An activation likelihood estimate meta-analysis across multiple sensory modalities Jeremy A. Andrzejewski 1 & Tsafrir Greenberg 2 & Joshua M. Carlson 1

# The Psychonomic Society, Inc. 2019

Abstract Anticipation is a universal preparatory response essential to the survival of an organism. Although meta-analytic synthesis of the literature exists for the anticipation of reward, a neuroimaging-based meta-analysis of the neural mechanisms of aversive anticipation is lacking. To address this gap in the literature, we ran an activation likelihood estimate (ALE) meta-analysis of 63 fMRI studies of aversive anticipation across multiple sensory modalities. Results of the ALE meta-analysis provide evidence for a core circuit involved in aversive anticipation, including the anterior insula, anterior cingulate cortex, mid-cingulate cortex, amygdala, thalamus, and caudate nucleus among other regions. Direct comparison of aversive anticipation studies using tactile versus visual stimuli identified additional regions involved in sensory specific aversive anticipation across these sensory modalities. Results from complementary multi-study voxel-wise and NeuroSynth analyses generally provide converging evidence for a core circuit involved in aversive anticipation. The multi-study voxel-wise analyses also implicate a more widespread preparatory response across sensory, motor, and cognitive control regions during more prolonged periods of aversive anticipation. The potential roles of these structures in anticipatory processing as well as avenues for future research are discussed. Keywords Aversive anticipation . fMRI . ALE meta-analysis . Anxiety . GingerALE

Anticipation, or the expectation of a future event or stimulus, is a universal preparatory response. Successful anticipation is an evolutionary advantage; recognizing contingencies that have led to reward and anticipating proper positive outcomes is adaptive. Likewise, preparing for an approaching or uncertain threat maximizes the likelihood of successfully mitigating the threat. Accordingly, anticipation research has primarily focused on two distinct subtypes: anticipation of reward and anticipation of aversive/ anxiety-provoking stimuli. Perturbations of these anticipation subtypes have been linked to mood disorders (Dichter, Kozink, McClernon, & Smoski, 2012) and behavioral or substance addictions (Luijten, Schellekens, Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.3758/s13415-019-00747-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Joshua M. Carlson [email protected] 1

Department of Psychological Science, Northern Michigan University, Marquette, MI, USA

2

Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

Kühn, Machielse, & Sescousse, 2017) as well as anxiety disorders (Grupe & Nitschke, 2013), respectively. The neural correlates of reward anticipation have been extensively studied with functional magnetic resonanc