Neural correlates of interference resolution in the multi-source interference task: a meta-analysis of functional neuroi

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Behavioral and Brain Functions Open Access

RESEARCH

Neural correlates of interference resolution in the multi‑source interference task: a meta‑analysis of functional neuroimaging studies Yuqin Deng1  , Xiaochun Wang1, Yan Wang2 and Chenglin Zhou1*

Abstract  Background:  Interference resolution refers to cognitive control processes enabling one to focus on task-related information while filtering out unrelated information. But the exact neural areas, which underlie a specific cognitive task on interference resolution, are still equivocal. The multi-source interference task (MSIT), as a particular cognitive task, is a well-established experimental paradigm used to evaluate interference resolution. Studies combining the MSIT with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have shown that the MSIT evokes the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and cingulate–frontal–parietal cognitive-attentional networks. However, these brain areas have not been evaluated quantitatively and these findings have not been replicated. Methods:  In the current study, we firstly report a voxel-based meta-analysis of functional brain activation associated with the MSIT so as to identify the localization of interference resolution in such a specific cognitive task. Articles on MSIT-related fMRI published between 2003 and July 2017 were eligible. The electronic databases searched included PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar. Differential BOLD activation patterns between the incongruent and congruent condition were meta-analyzed in anisotropic effect-size signed differential mapping software. Results:  Robustness meta-analysis indicated that two significant activation clusters were shown to have reliable functional activity in comparisons between incongruent and congruent conditions. The first reliable activation cluster, which included the dACC, medial prefrontal cortex, supplementary motor area, replicated the previous MSIT-related fMRI study results. Furthermore, we found another reliable activation cluster comprising areas of the right insula, right inferior frontal gyrus, and right lenticular nucleus-putamen, which were not typically discussed in previous MSITrelated fMRI studies. Conclusions:  The current meta-analysis study presents the reliable brain activation patterns on MSIT. These findings suggest that the cingulate-frontal-striatum network and right insula may allow control demands to resolve interference on MSIT. These results provide new insights into the neural mechanisms underlying interference resolution. Keywords:  Interference resolution, Multi-source interference task, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Metaanalysis

*Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Sport Psychology, School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s) 2018. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http