Neurologic Manifestations of Systemic Disease: Sleep Disorders
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Neurologic Manifestations of Systemic Disease (D Lapides, Section Editor)
Neurologic Manifestations of Systemic Disease: Sleep Disorders Eric M. Davis, MD1,* Chintan Ramani, MBBS1 Mark Quigg, MD, MSc2 Address *,1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA Email: [email protected] 2 Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
* Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
This article is part of the Topical Collection on Neurologic Manifestations of Systemic Disease Keywords Sleep disorders I Sleep manifestations of systemic diseases I Sleep impacts on health I Sleep apnea I Insomnia
Abstract Purpose of review Sleep is intimately involved in overall health and wellbeing. We provide a comprehensive report on the interplay between systemic diseases and sleep to optimize the outcomes of systemic disorders. Recent findings Spanning the categories of endocrinologic disorders, metabolic/toxic disturbances, renal, cardiovascular, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders, malignancy, and critical illness, the review highlights the prevalent coexisting pathology of sleep across the spectrum of systemic disorders. Although it is rare that treating a sleep symptom can cure disease, attention to sleep may improve quality of life and may mitigate or improve the underlying disorder. Recent controversies in assessing the cardiovascular relationship with sleep have called into question some of the benefits of treating comorbid sleep disorders, thereby highlighting the need for an ongoing rigorous investigation into how sleep interplays with systemic diseases. Summary Systemic diseases often have sleep manifestations and this report will help the clinician identify key risk factors linking sleep disorders to systemic diseases so as to optimize the overall care of the patient.
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Curr Treat Options Neurol
(2020) 22:30
Introduction All Earth’s species maintain a solar 24-h cycle of rest and activity, and disrupting the cycle affects adaptation and homeostasis. Sleep’s quotidian “normalness” means that analogous to fish not knowing about water until it is dry, sleep is not commonly thought about until it is disrupted. For example, about 30% of the adult population complain of transient insomnia, and about 10% experience chronic insomnia that disrupts daytime function [1]. Patients with chronic insomnia experience less work
productivity, more absenteeism, more accidents, and more hospitalizations, leading to direct treatment costs of approximately $60B annually [2]. Considering the potential widespread reach of comorbid sleep disorders, evaluating sleep in the neurological patient is important. This review will introduce the accepted organization of sleep disorders, review important features in history taking and evaluation, and survey the systemic diseases that have important comorbidities with particular sleep disorders.
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