Neurovascular Coupling in Special Operations Forces Combat Soldiers
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Annals of Biomedical Engineering ( 2020) https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-020-02604-y
Original Article
Neurovascular Coupling in Special Operations Forces Combat Soldiers PATRICIA R. ROBY,1,2 JAMIE P. DECICCO,1 AVINASH CHANDRAN,1,3 NIKKI BARCZAK-SCARBORO,1,2 STEPHEN M. DELELLIS,4 CASSIE B. FORD,1,5 MARSHALL L. HEALY,6 GARY E. MEANS,6 SHAWN F. KANE,1,7 JAMES H. LYNCH,6 and JASON P. MIHALIK 1,2 1
Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Matthew Gfeller Sport-Related Traumatic Brain Injury Research Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2207 Stallings-Evans Sports Medicine Center, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; 2Curriculum in Human Movement Science, Department of Allied Health Sciences, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; 3Datalys Center for Sports Injury Research and Prevention, Indianapolis, IN, USA; 4 Defense Medical Strategies, LLC, Fayetteville, NC, USA; 5Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; 6United States Army Special Operations Command, Fort Bragg, NC, USA; and 7Department of Family Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA (Received 22 May 2020; accepted 2 September 2020) Associate Editor Joel D. Stitzel oversaw the review of this article.
Abstract—The purpose of this study was to investigate how concussion history affects neurovascular coupling in Special Operations Forces (SOF) combat Soldiers. We studied 100 SOF combat Soldiers [age = 33.5 ± 4.3 years; height = 180.4 ± 6.0 cm; 55 (55.0%) with self-reported concussion history]. We employed transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound to assess neurovascular coupling (NVC) via changes in posterior cerebral artery (PCA) velocity in response to a reading and a visual search task. Baseline TCD data were collected for 2 min. NVC was quantified by the percent change in overall PCA response curves. We employed linear mixed effect models using a linear spline with one knot to assess group differences in percent change observed in the PCA velocity response curves between SOF combat Soldiers with and without a concussion history. Baseline PCA velocity did not significantly differ (t98 = 1.28, p = 0.20) between those with and without concussion history. Relative PCA velocity response curves did not differ between those with and without a concussion history during the reading task (F1,98 = 0.80, p = 0.37) or the visual search task (F1,98 = 0.52, p = 0.47). When assessing only SOF combat Soldiers with a concussion history, differential response to task was significantly greater in those with 3 or more concussions (F1,4341 = 27.24, p < 0.0001) relative to those with 1–2
Address correspondence to Jason P. Mihalik, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Matthew Gfeller Sport-Related Traumatic Brain Injury Research Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2207 Stallings-Evans Sports Medicine Center, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. Electronic mail: [email protected]
concussions. Despite no main effect of conc
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