New approach for determination of Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Zn in sewage sludges, fired brick, and sediments using two ana
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New approach for determination of Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Zn in sewage sludges, fired brick, and sediments using two analytical methods by microwave‑induced plasma optical spectrometry and induced coupled plasma optical spectrometry Fabienne Baraud1 · Ali Zaiter1,2 · Sandra Porée1 · Lydia Leleyter1 Received: 11 March 2020 / Accepted: 16 July 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Microwave-induced plasma optical spectrometry (MIP OES) and induced coupled plasma optical spectrometry (ICP OES) were implemented in parallel for the determination of Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Zn in sediments, as well as in unexplored matrices such as sewage sludge and fired brick. Initially, a microwave-assisted digestion procedure was applied to solubilize the samples. A selective approach has recommended for the detection of elements with low and high concentration ranges in different environments to improve sensitivity. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were found between 0.026–0.039 mg L −1 and 0.08–0.11 mg L −1, respectively. Precision and trueness were controlled using certified reference materials with the same matrices for all analysts. MIP OES showed results in accordance with ICP OES and LOD in the same range (or better, i.e., Pb) than ICP OES. MIP OES found a potential alternative with comparable performance and reduced costs for the analysis of trace metals. Keywords Sewage sludge · Brick · Trace metals · MIP OES · ICP OES
1 Introduction The elemental analysis makes it possible to determine the contents of a given chemical element in a matrix, independently of its chemical speciation. Many analytical tools exist, depending on the nature and range of concentrations sought. In this field, the spectrometric methods have particularly developed. Increasingly sensitive techniques made it possible to accurately detect elements at trace or ultra-trace levels. The metallic trace elements are naturally occurring in soils, sediments, and rocks at levels
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