New progress of ammonia recovery during ammonia nitrogen removal from various wastewaters
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(2020) 36:144
REVIEW
New progress of ammonia recovery during ammonia nitrogen removal from various wastewaters Shuyu Xiang1 · Yuhuan Liu1 · Guangming Zhang2 · Roger Ruan3 · Yunpu Wang1 · Xiaodan Wu1 · Hongli Zheng1 · Qi Zhang1 · Leipeng Cao1 Received: 30 May 2020 / Accepted: 22 August 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The recovery of ammonia–nitrogen during wastewater treatment and water purification is increasingly critical in energy and economic development. The concentration of ammonia–nitrogen in wastewater is different depending on the type of wastewater, making it challenging to select ammonia–nitrogen recovery technology. Meanwhile, the conventional nitrogen removal method wastes ammonia–nitrogen resources. Based on the circular economy, this review comprehensively introduces the characteristics of several main ammonia–nitrogen source wastewater plants and their respective challenges in treatment, including municipal wastewater, industrial wastewater, livestock and poultry wastewater and landfill leachate. Furthermore, we introduce the main methods currently adopted in the ammonia–nitrogen removal process of wastewater from physical (air stripping, ion exchange and adsorption, membrane and capacitive deionization), chemical (chlorination, struvite precipitation, electrochemical oxidation and photocatalysis) and biological (classical and typical activated sludge, novel methods based on activated sludge, microalgae and photosynthetic bacteria) classification based on the ammonia recovery concept. We discuss the applicable methods of recovering ammonia nitrogen in several main wastewater plants. Finally, we prospect the research direction of ammonia removal and recovery in wastewater based on sustainable development. Keywords Ammonia–nitrogen wastewater · Ammonia–nitrogen recovery · Sustainable development · Ammonia–nitrogen removal · Biological treatment
Introduction Water is critical for human development; however, water resources could face a global shortage of 40% by 2030 (Addams et al. 2009). Wastewater is a stable freshwater resource. Its recycling could reduce society’s demand for natural water and the water/environmental pollution of * Yuhuan Liu [email protected] 1
State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing Dong Road, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
2
School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, People’s Republic of China
3
Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, Paul 55108, USA
human activities, which is also an indispensable measure to maintain a healthy water cycle. Countries around the world developed wastewater treatment in response to the water crisis (Adam et al. 2019b; Hegab et al. 2018; Liu et al. 2019). Furthermore, many developed countries attach significant importance to improving wastewater treatment techn
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