New Technologies in Urology

Extensively and thoroughly written, New Technologies in Urology offers a definitive guide to the ever-changing and expanding landscape of available tools, methods and techniques for urological practice. This book’s authorship of highly acclaimed experts i

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Prokar Dasgupta  •  John Fitzpatrick Roger Kirby  •  Inderbir S. Gill (Eds.)

New Technologies in Urology

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Prof. Prokar Dasgupta Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Transplantation King's College London Department of Urology Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT United Kingdom [email protected] Prof. Dr. John Fitzpatrick University College Dublin Mater Misericordiae Hospital Department of Surgery 47 Eccles Street Dublin 7 Ireland [email protected]

Prof. Roger Kirby Prostate Centre 32 Wimpole Street London United Kingdom W1G 8GT [email protected] Prof. Inderbir S. Gill 1441 Eastlake Ave, Suite 7416 Los Angeles CA 90089 Keck School of Medicine USA [email protected]

ISBN: 978-1-84882-177-4     e-ISBN: 978-1-84882-178-1 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-84882-178-1 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2009938955 © Springer-Verlag London Limited 2010 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed on acid-free paper. Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Dedicated to our families and friends

Preface

Technology seems to be an integral part of modern living. Urologists have over the years embraced new technological advances for patient benefit. On some occasions, however, the initial enthusiasm in something new has failed to endure rigorous scientific scrutiny. Thus, while being technological leaders, we urologists know better than most other surgical specialties that what is new is not necessarily good. This textbook is aimed at urologists and surgeons at all levels and has contributions from international experts. The topics vary from robotics to lasers to single port laparoscopy. The comprehensive chapters should be of equal interest to uro-oncologists and those involved in treating benign urological diseases. While the contents are meant to bring the reader up to date with technological advances, the authors have attempted to balance their enthusiasm with basic science, translational research, and clinical outcomes. It will be obvious that some of the subjects mentioned here, such as nanotechnology, are still evolving, and it will be a while before they undergo clinical trials that establish their position in clinical medicine. We hope you enjoy reading this book as much as we have enjoyed creating it. London, UK Dublin, Ireland London, UK CA, USA

Prof. Prokar Dasgupta Prof. John Fitzpatrick Prof. Roger Kirby Prof. Inderbir S. Gill

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Acknowledgements

The editors thank all authors for their time and valuable contributions. We are also grateful to our developmental editors Joni Fraser and Barbara Lopez-Lucio. Prokar Dasgupta acknowledges support fro