New Trends in Distribution Logistics
The globalization of markets has reinforced the interest in logistics. A constantly raising level of competition among companies stresses the need for improved logistic processes, in terms of cost reduction and increased service level. The book covers the
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Managing Editors: Prof. Dr. G. Fandel Fachbereich Wirtschaftswissenschaften Fernuniversitat Hagen Feithstr. 140/AVZ II, D-58084 Hagen, Germany Prof. Dr. W. Trockel Institut fiir Mathematische Wirtschaftsforschung (IMW) Universitat Bielefeld Universitatsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
480
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH
M. Grazia Speranza Paul Stahly (Eds.)
New Trends
in Distribution Logistics
Springer
Editors Prof. M. Grazia Speranza University of Brescia Department of Quantitative Methods C. da S. Chiara, 48B 25122 Brescia, Italy Prof. Paul Stiihly University of St. Gallen Institute for Operations Research Bodanstrasse 6 9000 St. Gallen, Switzerland Library ofCongress Cataloging-in-Publieation Data New trends in distribution logisties / M. Grazia Speranza, Paul Stăhly (eds.). p. em. -- (Lecture notes in economies and mathematieal systems ; 480) Includes bibliographieal referenees. ISBN 978-3-540-66617-2 ISBN 978-3-642-58568-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-58568-5 1. Business logisties. 2. Physieal distribution of goods. 1. Speranza, M. Grazia, 1957II. Series. HD38.5 .N48 2000 658.7'8--de21
99-049218
ISSN 0075-8442 ISBN 978-3-540-66617-2 This work is subject to copyright. AII rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of iIIustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are Iiable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1999 Originally published by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York in 1999
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Typesetting: Camera ready by author Printed on acid-free paper SPIN: 10725084
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New Trends in Distribution Logistics Editorial
The globalization of markets has increased the interest in logistics, concerning all problems controlling the flows of material and information through complex networks the nodes of which represent suppliers of raw materials, manufacturers, warehouses, retailers and customers. The complexity of a logistic network is related to the variety of problems which have to be managed in order to transfer goods to the right place at the right time at the right cost. The network design, production planning and control, internal and external transportation, and fmally, inventory management are all critical and interrelated problems. The large number of actors and of different objectives in the decision processes make it extremely difficult to optimize the network. The
